Excitation-Energy Transfer and Vibronic Relaxation through Light-Harvesting Dendrimer Building Blocks: a Nonadiabatic Perspective

The light-harvesting excitonic properties of poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) extended dendrimers (tree-like {\pi}-conjugated macromolecules) involve a directional cascade of local excitation-energy transfer (EET) processes occurring from the "leaves" (shortest branches) to the "trunk" (longest branch), which can be viewed from a vibronic perspective as a sequence of internal conversions occurring among a connected graph of nonadiabatically coupled locally-excited (LE) electronic states via conical intersections. The smallest PPE building block able to exhibit EET, the asymmetrically meta-substituted PPE oligomer with one acetylenic bond on one side and two parallel ones on the other side (2-ring and 3-ring para-substituted pseudo-fragments), is a prototype and the focus of the present work. From time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) electronic-structure calculations of the molecule as regards its first two nonadiabatically coupled, optically active, singlet excited states, we built a (1+2)-state-8-dimensional vibronic-coupling Hamiltonian (VCH) model for running multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) wavepacket relaxations and propagations, yielding both steady-state absorption and emission spectra, as well as real-time dynamics. The EET process from the shortest branch to the longest one occurs quite efficiently (about 80% quantum yield) within the first 25 fs after light excitation and is mediated vibrationally through acetylenic and quinoidal bond-stretching modes together with a particular role given to the central-ring anti-quinoidal rock-bending mode. Electronic and vibrational energy relaxations, together with redistributions of quantum populations and coherences, are interpreted through the lens of a nonadiabatic perspective, showing some interesting segregation among the foremost photoactive degrees of freedom as regards spectroscopy and reactivity.
Comment: 19 pages of manuscript, 20 pages of supplementary information