Level-raising of even representations of tetrahedral type and equidistribution of lines in the projective plane

The distribution of auxiliary primes raising the level of even representations of tetrahedral type is studied. Under an equidistribution assumption, the density of primes raising the level of an even, $p$-adic representation is shown to be $$ \frac{p-1}{p}. $$ Data on auxiliary primes $v\leq 10^8$ raising the level of even $3$-adic representations of various conductors are presented. The data support equidistribution for $p=3$. In the process, we prove existence of even, surjective representations $$ \rho^{(\ell)}:\operatorname{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}) \longrightarrow \operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z}_3) $$ ramified only at $\ell$ and at $3$ for $\ell =163$ and $\ell = 277$. The prime $\ell = 277$ falls outside the class of Shanks primes. Measured by conductor, these are the smallest known examples of totally real extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$ with Galois group $\operatorname{SL}(2, \mathbb{Z}_3)$.
Comment: 22 pages, 4 tables, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2309.01871