Effect of latent space distribution on the segmentation of images with multiple annotations

We propose the Generalized Probabilistic U-Net, which extends the Probabilistic U-Net by allowing more general forms of the Gaussian distribution as the latent space distribution that can better approximate the uncertainty in the reference segmentations. We study the effect the choice of latent space distribution has on capturing the variation in the reference segmentations for lung tumors and white matter hyperintensities in the brain. We show that the choice of distribution affects the sample diversity of the predictions and their overlap with respect to the reference segmentations. We have made our implementation available at https://github.com/ishaanb92/GeneralizedProbabilisticUNet
Comment: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2023:005. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.12872