Even-odd alternative dispersions and beyond. Part I. Oscillations on both sides of the (anti-)shock, shocliton and other indications

We have two basic observations: mathematically, the variational principle and Hamiltonian formulation of some models, such as the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, are preserved, \textit{mutatis mutandis}, if each mode of freedom is assigned a different dispersion coefficient; and, physically, (similar) dispersive oscillations appear on both sides of some ion-acoustic and quantum shocks, not generated by the dynamics of the models such as the KdV(-Burgers) equation. We thus consider assigning different types of dispersions for different dynamical modes, particularly with the alternation of the signs for alternative Fourier components, different to the two-sided KdV equations for head-on collisions of nonlinear waves. The KdV equation with periodic boundary condition and longest-wave sinusoidal initial field, as used by N. Zabusky and M. D. Kruskal, is chosen for our case study with such alternating-dispersion of the Fourier modes of (normalized) even and odd wavenumbers. Numerical results verify the capability of our model to produce two-sided (around the shock) similar oscillations and indicate even more, including the notion of (anti)shock-soliton duality and/or ``(anti)shocliton'', singular zero-dispersion limit or non-convergence to the classical shock (described by the entropy solution) and non-thermalization (of the Galerkin-truncated models). Extensions to other models and generalization of the mode-dependent dispersion models are also discussed, showcased respectively with Benjamin-Ono-type and the modified-KdV ones. A tentative physical application oriented towards modeling the ion-acoustic shock with the even-odd alternative dispersion model is made to compare against the traditional KdV-Burgers approach.
Comment: a section on physical application added