$p$-robust equilibrated flux reconstruction in ${\boldsymbol H}(\mathrm{curl})$ based on local minimizations. Application to a posteriori analysis of the curl-curl problem

We present a local construction of H(curl)-conforming piecewise polynomials satisfying a prescribed curl constraint. We start from a piecewise polynomial not contained in the H(curl) space but satisfying a suitable orthogonality property. The procedure employs minimizations in vertex patches and the outcome is, up to a generic constant independent of the underlying polynomial degree, as accurate as the best-approximations over the entire local versions of H(curl). This allows to design guaranteed, fully computable, constant-free, and polynomial-degree-robust a posteriori error estimates of Prager-Synge type for N\'ed\'elec finite element approximations of the curl-curl problem. A divergence-free decomposition of a divergence-free H(div)-conforming piecewise polynomial, relying on over-constrained minimizations in Raviart-Thomas spaces, is the key ingredient. Numerical results illustrate the theoretical developments.