Native Defects in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$

Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we visualized the native defects in antiferromagnetic topological insulator $\mathrm{MnBi_2Te_4}$. Two native defects $\mathrm{Mn_{Bi}}$ and $\mathrm{Bi_{Te}}$ antisites can be well resolved in the topographic images. $\mathrm{Mn_{Bi}}$ tend to suppress the density of states at conduction band edge. Spectroscopy imaging reveals a localized peak-like local density of state at $\sim80$~meV below the Fermi energy. A careful inspection of topographic and spectroscopic images, combined with density functional theory calculation, suggests this results from $\mathrm{Bi_{Mn}}$ antisites at Mn sites. The random distribution of $\mathrm{Mn_{Bi}}$ and $\mathrm{Bi_{Mn}}$ antisites results in spatial fluctuation of local density of states near the Fermi level in $\mathrm{MnBi_2Te_4}$.
Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures