Muon $g-2$ in a $U(1)$-symmetric Two-Higgs-Doublet Model

We show in this paper that, in a $U(1)$-symmetric two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM), the two additional neutral Higgs bosons would become nearly degenerate in the large $\tan\beta$ regime, under the combined constraints from both theoretical arguments and experimental measurements. As a consequence, the excess observed in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon could not be addressed in the considered framework, following the usual argument where these two neutral scalars are required to manifest a large mass hierarchy. On the other hand, we find that, with an $\mathcal{O}(1)$ top-Yukawa coupling and a relatively light charged Higgs boson, large contributions from the two-loop Barr-Zee type diagrams can account for the muon $g-2$ anomaly at the 1$\sigma$ level, in spite of a large cancellation between the scalar and pseudoscalar contributions. Furthermore, the same scenario can survive the tight constraints from the $B$-physics observables.
Comment: v1:10 pages, 4 figures; v2: more discussions and references added, some references updated, final version published in PRD; v3:plots and numerical analyses updated by including the latest Fermilab Muon g-2 result as well the updated oblique parameters and the B-meson mixing observable, conclusion unchanged