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Re-Entrant Albedo Proton Fluxes Measured by the PAMELA Experiment

Authors :
Adriani, O.
Barbarino, G. C.
Bazilevskaya, G. A.
Bellotti, R.
Boezio, M.
Bogomolov, E. A.
Bongi, M.
Bonvicini, V.
Bottai, S.
Bruno, A.
Cafagna, F.
Campana, D.
Carlson, P.
Casolino, M.
Castellini, G.
De Donato, C.
De Santis, C.
De Simone, N.
Di Felice, V.
Formato, V.
Galper, A. M.
Karelin, A. V.
Koldashov, S. V.
Koldobskiy, S.
Krutkov, S. Y.
Kvashnin, A. N.
Leonov, A.
Malakhov, V.
Marcelli, L.
Martucci, M.
Mayorov, A. G.
Menn, W.
Mergé, M.
Mikhailov, V. V.
Mocchiutti, E.
Monaco, A.
Mori, N.
Munini, R.
Osteria, G.
Palma, F.
Panico, B.
Papini, P.
Pearce, M.
Picozza, P.
Ricci, M.
Ricciarini, S. B.
Sarkar, R.
Scotti, V.
Simon, M.
Sparvoli, R.
Spillantini, P.
Stozhkov, Y. I.
Vacchi, A.
Vannuccini, E.
Vasilyev, G. I.
Voronov, S. A.
Yurkin, Y. T.
Zampa, G.
Zampa, N.
Publication Year :
2015

Abstract

We present a precise measurement of downward-going albedo proton fluxes for kinetic energy above $\sim$ 70 MeV performed by the PAMELA experiment at an altitude between 350 and 610 km. On the basis of a trajectory tracing simulation, the analyzed protons were classified into quasi-trapped, concentrating in the magnetic equatorial region, and un-trapped spreading over all latitudes, including both short-lived (precipitating) and long-lived (pseudo-trapped) components. In addition, features of the penumbra region around the geomagnetic cutoff were investigated in detail. PAMELA results significantly improve the characterization of the high energy albedo proton populations at low Earth orbits.<br />Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics

Subjects

Subjects :
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Physics - Space Physics

Details

Database :
arXiv
Publication Type :
Report
Accession number :
edsarx.1504.06253
Document Type :
Working Paper

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