Andreev tunneling in charge pumping with SINIS turnstiles

Authors :: Aref, T.
Maisi, V. F.
Gustafsson, M. V.
Delsing, P.
Pekola, J. P.
Source :: EPL 96, 37008 (2011)
Publication Year :: 2011
Abstract: We present measurements on hybrid single-electron turnstiles with superconducting leads contacting a normal island (SINIS). We observe Andreev tunneling of electrons influencing the current plateau characteristics of the turnstiles under radio-frequency pumping. The data is well accounted for by numerical simulations. We verify the dependence of the Andreev tunneling rate on the turnstile's charging energy. Increasing the charging energy effectively suppresses the Andreev current.<br />Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table Published version with various improvements to figures and text