Electron Holes and Heating in the Reconnection Dissipation Region

Using particle-in-cell simulations and kinetic theory, we explore the current-driven turbulence and associated electron heating in the dissipation region during 3D magnetic reconnection with a guide field. At late time the turbulence is dominated by the Buneman and lower hybrid instabilities. Both produce electron holes that co-exist but have very different propagation speeds. The associated scattering of electrons by the holes enhances electron heating in the dissipation region.
Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to GRL