CORRELATED INBREEDING AMONG RELATIVES: OCCURRENCE, MAGNITUDE, AND IMPLICATIONS

Understanding the magnitude and causes of genetic and phenotypic resemblance among relatives is key to understanding evo lutionary processes. Contrary to basic expectation individual coefficients of inbreeding (f) were recently hypothesized to be intrinsically correlated across parents and offspring in structured populations potentially creating an additional source of phe notypic resemblance in traits that show inbreeding depression. To test this hypothesis we used individual based simulations to quantify the parent–offspring correlations in f arising under random mating in populations of different size immigration rate and mating system. Parent–offspring correlations in f were typically positive (median r ˜ 0.2–0.4) in relatively small and isolated populations. Relatively inbred parents therefore produced relatively inbred offspring on average although the magnitude of this effect varied considerably among replicate populations. Correlations were higher given more generations of random mating greater variance in reproductive success polygynous rather than monogamous mating and for midparent–offspring rather than parent–offspring relationships. Furthermore f was also positively correlated across half siblings and closer relatives had more sim ilar inbreeding coefficients across entire generations. Such intrinsic resemblance in f among relatives could provide an additional genetic benefit of mate choice and bias quantitative genetic analyses that do not account for correlated inbreeding depression.