[Evaluation of the polyethyleneglycol antiglobulin test in the detection and identification of erythrocyte antibodies]

The polyethylene glycol antiglobulin test has been found to enhance the reactivity of most alloantibodies.To investigate the utility of polyethylene glycol antiglobulin test for detection and identification of red blood cell antibodies, a comparison study of polyethylene glycol (PEG), a low-ionic-strength additive solution (LISS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was conducted. The sera of 47 different patients with positive antibody screening test by the LISS method, were tested in parallel with reagent antibody-detection cells using PEG, LISS and BSA.In the sera of 47 patients, 57 antibodies were detected. We identified 39 antibodies by the three methods. Twelve antibodies reacted by the BSA method and the LISS method but did not react with the PEG method (8 anti-I, 1 anti-P1, 1 anti-Lea(a), and two antibodies missed by the PEG method because they did not react with anti-IgG: 1 anti-M and 1 anti-K). Three antibodies reacted only with the LISS method (3 anti-I). Four clinically significant antibodies were detected only by the PEG method (2 anti-Jka, 1 anti-Jkb, 1 anti-c). The serum from a patient with delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction and no antibody detectable by the LISS and the BSA methods was tested by the PEG method. We were able to detect an anti-Jka by PEG in the pretransfusion sample. In 24 (60%) of 40 samples with clinically significant antibodies, PEG antiglobulin reactions were stronger (total score 221) than LISS antiglobulin reactions (total score 170) and BSA antiglobulin reaction (total score 184); in 14 (35%) of 40 samples, they were identical, and in 2 (5%) agglutination in the PEG method was weaker.In our experience, the polyethylene glycol antiglobulin test is more sensitive than LISS and BSA in detecting clinically significant antibodies and is an acceptable technique for routine compatibility test.