Cervical dysplasia and pre-term birth in San Juan city hospital: a cohort retrospective study

Cervical dysplasia alters the release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in pregnant woman with cervical dysplasia. This study evaluates a cohort of pregnant patients screened for cervical dysplasia to determine the relationship between cervical dysplasia and preterm labor (PTL).Retrospective chart review of pregnant patients screened for cervical dysplasia at the San Juan City Hospital between October 2006 and December 2010. Patients with low or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL or HGSIL, respectively) were evaluated with colposcopy. Primary outcome was the event of PTL and the risk factor evaluated was presence of cervical dysplasia.A total of 2,059 patients were screened for cervical dysplasia and 59 were evaluated with colposcopy due to LGSIL or HGSIL. From those, 29% were negative for intraepithelial lesions and malignancy (NILM), 54% had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)-1, 17% where diagnosed as CIN-2/3 where no invasive cervical cancer was identified. In the group of NILM, 24% had PTL compared to 18% in patients who screened negative on initial cytological evaluation. In cases where CIN-1 was confirmed by colposcopy 28% had PTL compared with 40% in patients with CIN-2/3. Other risk factors associated with PTL were not significantly different among the groups.Cervical dysplasia in pregnancy may represent an increase risk for premature labor.