[The use of SNP markers for estimation of individual genetic predisposition to diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2]

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are now considered as the most perspective and convenient markers for research of genetic bases of multifactorial diseases. Fast development of technologies for exact screening of great volume of genetic information, construction of genomic maps of SNP-markers promotes development of innovative diagnostic systems on the basis of significant SNP for an estimation of individual genetic risk of development of various diseases. In this review the basic aspects of genetics of a diabetes of type 1 and 2 and an opportunity of use SNP as markers for an estimation of individual genetic predisposition to the given diseases are considered.