Psychological Fitness and Resilience: A Review of Relevant Constructs, Measures, and Links to Well-Being

This study is one of a series designed to support Air Force leaders in promoting resilience among its Airmen, civilian employees, and Air Force family members. It examines the relationship between psychological fitness and resilience, using key constructs found in the scientific literature that address self-regulation, positive affect, perceived control, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and optimism. Supporting or increasing the levels of the key measures of psychological fitness identified in this study may facilitate resilience and can protect Airmen, civilian employees, and Air Force families from the negative effects of stress. The study also reviews construct measures, well-being, and resilience outcomes as well as interventions designed to promote the psychological fitness constructs.