Budd-Chiari syndrome secondary to intracardiac extension of hepatocellular carcinoma. Two cases treated by radical resection

Two young women presenting Budd-Chiari syndrome as the primary manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma with intracardiac extension were treated by debulking of the atrium and inferior vena cava under extracorporeal circulation and major hepatectomy. The first patient who was treated in a single procedure died during the immediate postoperative period. The second patient who was treated in two steps died of meningeal and pulmonary metastases 12 months later. Clinical findings and surgical strategy for this rare condition are discussed in the light of 6 previously reported surgical cases.