[The role of medical dispatchers in the prehospital management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction]

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Acute coronary syndromes are diagnosed in 1.5 million patients, in Poland about 140,000 patients per year. A medical dispatcher who has first contact with the patient or a witness of the accident plays a very important role. The aim: To analyze the quality indicators of the State Emergency Medical System, including the role of the medical dispatcher diling with patients with STEMI.Material and methods: The medical documentation of the Voivodeship Emergency Medical Service in Katowice for the years 2013-2016 (n =915345)was analized a retrospective analysis. The study included those causes that ended with the diagnosed STEMI (870 cases). The final diagnosis was based on the data of the Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes PL-ACS and AMI-PL.Results: STEMI was diagnosed in 870 visits (0.095%) causes. More often in men than in women (63.8% vs. 36.2%, p0.001). The average age of the patients was 65 years ± 11.3. Most frequent STEMI occurred during the day (p0.001). Patients either smoke or smoked in the past, a small proportion never smoked (78.3% vs 31.7%, p0.001). The most frequent place occurrence of STEMI was the victim's home (p0.001). The average time in the emergency code (K-1) was 6 min 29 seconds. It is worth noting that changing the code causes a dramatic increase in the time of a team reaching the place of an accident (p0.001). The time of giving help is related to the time of day and the light of a conversation (p0.001).Conclusions: Medical dispatcher and Emergency Medical Teams play a key role diling with patients with STEMI. Conducting activities in accordance with the current medical knowledge leads to much lower mortality and results in a better quality of life for the patient and his family.