Vitamin D

The effect of vitamin D on glycemic status of diabetes patients is controversial. The objective was to assess the effect of vitamin DIn this randomized triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 102 patients (34 males and 68 females) aged 31-74 years with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive either 250 ml unfortified or 250 ml 1000 IU vitamin DSerum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations improved in the fortified milk group compared to the control group (+14 ± 20 vs. +4 ± 17 ng/ml; P = 0.001). Both groups showed significant increases in serum calcium (P 0.01) and decreases in total cholesterol, waist and hip circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P 0.001). Also, there was a significant reduction in body mass index of fortified milk group (P 0.001). None of these changes were statistically significant between the two groups. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) significantly decreased in both groups with a more remarkable reduction in the plain milk consumers, making a significant between-group difference (7.5% compared to 3.1%; P = 0.01).Overall, daily consumption of one cup of milk containing 1000 IU vitamin D