[Effects of straw returning amount and type on soil nitrogen and its composition]

Straw returning to soil can supplement soil nutrients required for crop growth, fertilize soil, and improve soil quality. To explore the long-term effect of straw returning on soil total nitrogen and its composition, herein, five treatments including no rice straw + no wheat straw returning (NRW), no rice straw + all wheat straw returning (W), all rice straw + no wheat straw returning (R), half rice straw + half wheat straw returning (HRW), and all rice straw + all wheat straw returning (ARW) were conducted in triplicate in Taihu Lake region, China. The effects of both straw amount and type were examined. Compared with the results obtained in 2007, the results herein obtained in 2017 showed that after 10 years of straw returning, soil total nitrogen and heavy fraction nitrogen increased, while light fraction organic matter decreased. Among the five treatments, ARW had the largest decrease in light fraction nitrogen of 8.09 g·kg秸秆还田可以补充作物生长所需的营养元素,也是提升土壤质量、构建肥沃耕层的关键措施.为揭示长期稻麦秸秆还田对土壤氮组分变化的影响,选取了江苏太湖地区稻田土壤为研究对象,设置了稻麦秸秆均不还田(NRW)、麦秆还田+稻秆不还田(W)、稻秆还田+麦秆不还田(R)、稻麦秸秆均半量还田(HRW)和稻麦秸秆均全量还田(ARW)共5个处理,研究秸秆还田量和秸秆类型对土壤全氮及氮组分构成变化的影响.结果表明: 与2007年相比,2017年除NRW处理外,其他处理土壤全氮和重组氮都增加,稻秆还田处理土壤全氮和重组氮含量最高;所有处理土壤轻组分有机质中氮含量都下降,ARW处理土壤轻组分有机质中氮含量下降最多,为8.09 g·kg