[Medical, moral, ethical and legal problems in modern obstetrics]

This paper addresses the problems which have arisen in connection with the improved intensive care of neonates and the possibility of prenatal diagnosis and therapy. Medical problems consist of difficulties in determining the indications. Ethical problems result from the right of decision of the pregnant woman, of her family and of the society beyond the normal physician-patient relationship and there are expert and legal questions, too. A more public evaluation of the patient material may lead to solution of the problems. Ethical and legal principles can be derived from these basic considerations. No new morals and ethics must evolve even if damage to the fetus or malformations can now be recognized antenatally instead of only postnatally as before. Malformations incompatible with life are indications for termination if the pregnant woman so desires. Every other type of malformation is something which the pregnant woman, her family and society must come to terms with. Prenatal medicine is able to soften the consequent burdens for the family and society.