[Treatment using transluminal angioplasty of arterial stenosis of kidney transplants in children]

We report our experience with endoluminal angioplasty for the treatment of arterial stenosis involving transplanted kidneys in children. Four anatomic groups were individualized: stenosis of the iliac artery proximal to or at the level ot the anastomosis, single stenosis of the main renal artery, double stenosis of the main renal artery and/or a branch of the renal artery, and multiple arterial lesions. Angioplasty is performed under general anesthesia using balloon catheters appropriate for pediatric patients. Prevention of spasm and heparin therapy are essential. Results depended on the distal vascular bed. Good results were achieved in those patients with a dilatation distal to the stenosis and no multiple arterial lesions (type IV) that actually reflect vascular rejection. The overall success rate was estimated at 66% and the recurrence rate at 22%.