[Factors related to severe neonatal acidosis in planned cesarean section. A case-control study]

To identify factors related to the occurrence of severe neonatal acidosis in case of planned caesarean section.Case-control study conducted between 1997 and 2016 among women with planned caesarean delivery at term. Cases were women whose neonates had neonatal arterial pH7,0. For each case, two planned caesarean sections with neonatal pH≥7,0 were selected as controls. Women whose fetus had a congenital malformation and those whose anesthesia was not spinal anesthesia were excluded.Among the 5014 planned cesarean sections of the study period, 38 severe neonatal acidosis were observed (incidence of 0,76% CI95 [0,54-1,04]). Compared to 72 controls, the 36 caesareans with severe neonatal acidosis were associated with more frequent maternal obesity (BMI≥30kg/mIn case of planned cesarean section, the main risk factor for severe neonatal acidosis is the existence of maternal obesity.