Nitric oxide and serotonin interactions in aggression

Violence is a significant public health problem worldwide. Neurobiological research on violence and aggression attempts to elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways that increase the propensity toward this behavior. Research over the past 40 years has implicated several brain regions and neurotransmitters in aggression, mainly using rodent models. Perhaps the strongest association is the link between serotonin and aggression, which has compelling interactions with the nitric oxide system. Recently, new insights into these relationships have been added as modern techniques allow more sophisticated analyses. This chapter will discuss current developments implicating serotonin and nitric oxide in aggressive behavior. Recently developed high-resolution methods for examining the neurobiological basis of aggression will be considered, with emphasis on future directions for the field.