Impact of metabolic syndrome on development of contrast-induced nephropathy after elective percutaneous coronary intervention among nondiabetic patients

BACKGROUND: Identifying patients who are vulnerable to development of contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is essential because of its association with prolonged hospitalization, increased cost, and increased in‐hospital and long‐term mortality rates. HYPOTHESIS: Individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are well‐established risk factors for kidney injury. Nondiabetic patients diagnosed with MetS might be at an increased risk of developing CIN after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: A total of 599 nondiabetic patients were enrolled, of whom 313 met the MetS criteria and 286 were included in the control group. Patients were evaluated for development of CIN after elective PCI. RESULTS: Contrast‐induced nephropathy occurred in 9.3% (29 of 313) of the MetS group and 4.9% (14 of 286) of the control group (P = 0.04). The multivariable regression model revealed that baseline glomerular filtration rate