Fungi shiitake enriched with organic source selenium

Selenium (Se) is a trace mineral that is essential to good health but only in small quantities. Soils, grains and forage have very low amounts of selenium. In most countries, selenium content in soil ranges between 0,1 and 0,2 ppm. There are many ways for selenium supplementation but it is considered that the best way is to increase selenium content in the plants. Mushrooms contain relatively high protein levels and they can accumulate large amounts of selenium. It is reasonable to expect that Se could be incorporated into the proteins as selenomethionine and selenocysteine. Lentinus edodes (Shiitake) is an edible mushroom native to East Asia, which is cultivated and consumed in many Asian countries for over 2,000 years. Shiitake Mushroom is revered for its health-promoting activity; it boosts the immune system, lowers cholesterol, works as an anticoagulant and is helpful in cancer treatment. Bioaccumulation of selenium in industrial mushroom was investigated. Vegetative growth of mycelium were measured as colony diam in pure cultures supplemented with organic selenium from new synthetic compound Zn(II) complex with ligand 2,6-diacetylpyridines bis(selenosemicarbazone), (Zn(dapsesc)). Accumulation of selenium in the fruit body was determined by the use of ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). Selenium as a complex, was effectively taken up from substrates and accumulated in fruit bodies. Highest selenium content was in the cap (60 ppm). In mushrooms cultivated without selenium supplement, selenium content was approximately 1 ppm. . Selen je esencijalni mikroelement, neophodan za normalno funkcionisanje organizma ljudi i životinja. Rezultati prvih istraživanja o obezbeđenosti zemljišta, žitarica i stočne hrane ukazali su na vrlo nizak nivo selena. U većini zemljišta sveta sadržaj ukupnog selena je u granicama od 0,1 do 2 ppm. Postoji više mogućnosti suplementacije selena (selenizovana kuhinjska so, pelete, inekcije), ali se smatra da je najbolji način povećanjem sadržaja selena u biljkama. S obzirom na to da gljive sadrže visok procenat proteina, očekuje se da će apsorbovati i inkorporirati selen u proteinima, u obliku kao što su selenometionin i selenocistein. Gljiva shiitake (Lentinus edodes) vodi poreklo iz Istočne Azije - Kina, Japan, a prvi pisani podaci govore da je poznata više od 2000 godina. Pregled literature ukazuje da ova gljiva smanjuje nivo holesterola, jača imunitet, ima antikoangulantnu ulogu i da se koristi u prevenciji nastanka tumora. Praćen je uticaj novosintetisanog organskog kompleksa Zn (II) sa ligandom 2,6-diacetilpiridin bis-(selenosemicarbazon) (H2dapsesc) - (Zn (dapsesc)) sa Hemijskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu na porast micelijuma gljiva i mogućnost akumulacije selena u plodonosnim telima. Ukupan sadržaj selena je određivan optičkim emisionim spektrometrom sa indukovano spregnutom plazmom, ICP-OES. Dobijeni rezultati govore da je selen iz organskog izvora uspešno usvojen. Sadržaj selena je bio očekivano najveći u šeširu, 60 µg/g suve mase. U kontrolnim pečurkama, ova vrednost se kretala u proseku oko 0.4 µg/g suve mase. .