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Smjernice u liječenju septičnih bolesnika - što je novo?

Authors :
Jović, Vedrana
Sotošek Tokmadžić, Vlatka
Šustić, Alan
Tarčuković, Janja
Barković, Igor
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Sepsa je klinički sindrom i po život opasno stanje uzrokovano nereguliranim odgovorom domaćina na infekciju pri kojem imunološki sustav reagira pretjerano na neki infekcijski upalni podražaj i dovodi do sustavne upale i oštećenja tkiva i organa. Za postavljanje dijagnoze sepse trenutačno se preporuča upotreba SOFA skale koja objektivizira zatajivanje organa koje se javlja u septičnih bolesnika. 2021. godine izdane su nove smjernice za liječenje septičnih bolesnika. Najvažnije novosti u novim smjernicama su da se preporuča primjena antibiotika unutar jednog sata od postavljanja sumnje na septički šok, odnosno unutar prva tri sata od postavljanja sumnje na sepsu bez šoka. Zbog povezanosti razine laktata i smrtnog ishoda septičnih bolesnika, preporuča se upotreba koncentracije laktata kao i praćenje razine laktata tijekom njihovog zbrinjavanja. Pri hemodinamskoj procjeni preporuča se i upotreba vremena rekapilarizacije. Balansirani kristaloidi su prva linija tekućina za resuscitaciju septičnih bolesnika. Kao odgovor na resuscitaciju tekućinom preporuča se i upotreba dinamičkih markera. Ukoliko je potrebna primjena vazopresora preporuča se ne odgađati njihovu primjenu dok se ne otvori centralni venski put, već se preporuča primijeniti ih čim ranije periferno. Septični bolesnici koji su na vazopresorima dulje od 4 sata trebaju primiti steroide u terapiji. Vitamin C se u septičnih bolesnika prema smjernicama iz 2021.ne preporuča.<br />Sepsis is a clinical syndrome and a life-threatening condition caused by an dysregulated host response to an infection in which the immune system overreacts to an infectious inflammatory stimulus and leads to systemic inflammation and tissue and organ damage. To establish the diagnosis of sepsis, the use of the SOFA scale, which objectiveizes the organ failure that occurs in septic patients, is currently recommended. In 2021, new guidelines for the treatment of septic patients were issued. The most important news in the new guidelines is that it is recommended to administer antibiotics within one hour of suspecting septic shock, or within the first three hours of suspecting sepsis without shock. Due to the connection between the lactate level and the fatal outcome of septic patients, it is recommended to use the lactate concentration as well as to monitor the lactate level during their treatment. The use of recapillarization time is also recommended for hemodynamic assessment. Balanced crystalloids are the first line of fluids for resuscitation of septic patients. In response to fluid resuscitation, the use of dynamic markers is also recommended. If it is necessary to use vasopressors, it is recommended not to delay their use until the central venous route is opened, but rather to apply them peripherally as soon as possible. Septic patients who are on vasopressors for longer than 4 hours should receive steroids in therapy. According to the 2021 guidelines, vitamin C is not recommended in septic patients.

Details

Language :
Croatian
Database :
OpenAIRE
Accession number :
edsair.od......4016..f7f7251e9b7b6e419f41a5ba1174213a