Assessment of gross and fine motor skills of primary education students

Suvremen način života sa sobom nosi mnoge negativne posljedice i učinke, što se svakako odražava na djecu i njihov razvoj. Prevladava sjedilački način života među odraslima, ali i među djecom i mladima. Djeca sve manje vremena provode u igri na otvorenom kroz koju se upravo razvija motorika djeteta, kako gruba tako i fina. Osim toga, puno vremena i u školama provedu u sjedećem položaju. Nažalost, predmet tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture koji je nekoj djeci jedini organizirani način tjelovježbe često bude zanemaren i zapostavljen zbog nedostatka vremena za obradom nekog gradiva iz drugih predmeta. Vrlo je važno da su djeca tjelesno aktivna, da sudjeluju u raznim sportskim i tjelesnim aktivnostima. Tako se razvija njihova motorika, odnosno sposobnost korištenja vlastitog tijela. Razvijenost motorike utječe i na razinu razvijenosti motoričkih sposobnosti. Cilj ovog rada je procijeniti grubu i finu motoriku učenika starosti od 9 do 11 godina s obzirom na dob i spol. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 83 učenika, od toga 43 učenika trećeg razreda i 40 učenika četvrtog razreda zadarskih osnovnih škola. Za procjenu grube motorike primijenjena je standardizirana baterija testova motoričkih sposobnosti za učenike primarnog obrazovanja, a za procjenu fine motorike učenici su nizali perlice na konopčić u određenom vremenu. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na statistički značajnu razliku među rezultatima za procjenu grube motorike s obzirom na dob, učenici četvrtog razreda postižu bolje rezultate. Rezultati za procjenu grube motorike s obzirom na spol gotovo pa se i ne razlikuju, jedino su rezultati fleksibilnosti statistički značajni što je bilo i za očekivati. Rezultati testa za finu motoriku statistički su značajni s obzirom na spol i na dob. Učenice postižu bolje rezultate u testu fine motorike. Sveukupno, gruba i fina motorika ispitanika prosječno je razvijena i sukladna njihovoj dobi. The modern way of life brings with it many negative consequences and effects, which certainly affects on children and their development. A sedentary lifestyle prevails among adults, but also among children and young people. Children are spending less and less time in outdoor play, through which the child's motor skills, both gross and fine, are being developed. In addition, they spend a lot of time in schools in a sitting position. Unfortunately, the subject of physical and health education, which is the only organized form of exercise for some children, is often neglected and neglected due to the lack of time to study some material from other subjects. It is very important that children are physically active, that they participate in various sports and physical activities. In this way, their motor skills develop, that is, the ability to use their own body. The development of motor skills also affects the level of development of motor skills. The goal of this work is to assess the gross and fine motor skills of students aged 9 to 11 years old considering to age and gender. A total of 83 students participated in the research, of which 43 third-grade students and 40 fourth-grade students from Zadar's elementary schools. To assess gross motor skills was used a standardized battery of motor skills tests for primary school students and for assess fine motor skills, students strung beads on a string in a certain time. The results of the research indicate a statistically significant difference between the results for the assessment of gross motor skills considering to age, fourth grade students achieve better results. The results for the assessment of gross motor skills considering to gender are almost same, there's no differents but only the results of flexibility are statistically significant, which is to be expected. The results of the test for fine motor skills are statistically significant considering to gender and age. Female students achieve better results in the test of fine motor skills. Overall, the subjects' gross and fine motor skills were averagely developed and appropriate for their age.