Estado nutricional, diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 e suas comorbidades em pacientes atendidos no ambulat??rio de nutri????o de um hospital universit??rio, Bel??m, Par??, 2012

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta????o Elenilce Pereira de Carvalho.pdf: 1053370 bytes, checksum: 46b984819daec6f155df078c9178c922 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-27 CAPES - Coordena????o de Aperfei??oamento de Pessoal de N??vel Superior Type 2 Diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) is a chronic degenerative disease, with metabolic feature, resulting from defects of insulin secretion and/or its action. Its incidence and prevalence have grown in the current world, setting a serious problem of public health. The diabetes??? chronic hyperglycemia is associated to various comorbidities related to chronic injuries, dysfunction and various organs failure. The study had the objective of diagnosing the nutritional condition about anthropometric, biochemical and dietary indicators, and correlate with some comorbidities found in patients with T2DM diagnosis. It was a descriptive study of transversal collection, done in the Nutritional Clinic of Jo??o Barros Barreto University Hospital (Hospital Universit??rio Jo??o Barros Barreto ??? HUJBB), from September, 2011 to April, 2012. Data was collected in the moment of the nutritional care, using a structured questionnaire previously tested, which had the information related to the sociodemographic variables, anthropometric indicators, dietary profile and lipid profile. The study evaluated 180 patients with T2DM with the ages between 40 and 81, and checked that the studied population was predominantly female, with the age group from 50 to 59, complete Elementary School and family income of a minimum wage, with less than five years since the disease diagnosis, nondrinker, nonsmoker and sedentary. Among the found comorbidities there was a predominance of the Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), dyslipidemia, nephropathy, neuropathy and stroke, being SAH the most predominant. The majority of the population was obese, dyslipidemic and has hyperglycemia. Inadequate dietary profile, due to low fiber intake and high consumption of proteins and cholesterol. It was checked that there is a significant correlation among the nutritional condition and some comorbidities, such as SAH, dyslipidemia and nephropathy; there is also a significant correlation between the dietary profile and the biochemical and anthropometric nutritional condition. Even though the studied population is being attended by the Institution???s multidisciplinary team, it was checked that this population shows metabolic disorder, which can contribute to micro- and macro-vascular complications, which makes necessary a set of more effective therapeutic actions, to give these patients a better quality of life, being essential to make them conscious about how important it is to join the treatment. O Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) ?? uma doen??a cr??nico-degenerativa, de car??ter metab??lico, resultante de defeitos na secre????o de insulina e/ou na a????o desta. Sua incid??ncia e preval??ncia t??m aumentado no mundo atual configurando um grave problema de sa??de p??blica. A hiperglicemia cr??nica do diabetes est?? associada a diversas comorbidades relacionadas ??s les??es cr??nicas, disfun????o e fal??ncia de diversos ??rg??os. O estudo teve por objetivo diagnosticar o estado nutricional relativo aos indicadores antropom??trico, bioqu??mico, e diet??tico e correlacionar com algumas comorbidades encontradas em pacientes com diagn??stico de DM2. Foi um estudo descritivo de coleta transversal, realizado no ambulat??rio de nutri????o do Hospital Universit??rio Jo??o de Barros Barreto (HUJBB), durante o per??odo de setembro de 2011 a abril de 2012. Os dados foram coletados no momento do atendimento nutricional, mediante a utiliza????o de um question??rio estruturado previamente testado, contendo informa????es referentes ??s vari??veis sociodemogr??ficas, indicadores antropom??tricos, perfil diet??tico e perfil lip??dico. O estudo avaliou 180 pacientes com DM2 com idade entre 40 e 81 anos, e verificou que a popula????o estudada era predominantemente do sexo feminino, de faixa et??ria entre 50 a 59 anos, com ensino fundamental completo e renda familiar de 1 sal??rio m??nimo, com tempo de diagn??stico da doen??a inferior a 5 anos, n??o etilista, n??o tabagista, e sedent??rios. Dentre as comorbidades encontradas houve predom??nio da HAS, dislipidemia, nefropatia, neuropatia e AVC, sendo a HAS a mais prevalente. A maioria da popula????o era obesa, dislipid??mica, e com hiperglicemia. Perfil diet??tico inadequado, devido a baixa ingest??o de fibras e alto consumo de prote??nas e colesterol. Verificou-se que existe correla????o significante entre o estado nutricional e algumas comorbidades, como HAS, DLP e Nefropatia; e existe tamb??m correla????o significante entre o perfil diet??tico e o estado nutricional bioqu??mico e antropom??trico. Apesar da popula????o de estudo est?? sendo acompanhada pela equipa multidisciplinar da Institui????o, verificou-se que a mesma apresenta uma desordem metab??lica, que pode contribuir para as complica????es micro e macrovasculares, o que torna necess??rio um conjunto de medidas terap??uticas mais efetivas, para que esses pacientes tenham melhor qualidade de vida, sendo imprescind??vel conscientizar o paciente sobre a import??ncia da ades??o ao tratamento.