Dry residue of cassava in broiler feed supplemented or not with carbohydrases

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:48:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jomara_Broch.pdf: 1173474 bytes, checksum: a3f76ef839361f2f5f015320e04bd560 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-28 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The objective of this study was to evaluate the dry residue of cassava (DRC) and its use, associated or not with carbohydrases on production of broiler chickens. In the first experiment 160 Cobb 500 birds from 14 to 24 days old were used, 50% males and 50% females. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x5 factorial arrangement, with two sexes and five levels of inclusion of DRC (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%), totaling ten treatments and four replicates, with four birds each. The experimental period lasted ten days, five days of adaptation and five for excreta collection, in which two collections a day were carried out. Subsequently the samples of excreta, feed and DRC were dried in forced circulation of greenhouses air at 55 °C, subjected to analysis of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), gross energy (GE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), calcium, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium. The chemical composition for the DRC was 89.86% DM, 0.98% CP, 3519 kcal kg-1 of EB, 0.19% of EE, 27% NDF, 19.5% ADF, 0.33% calcium, 0.43% phosphorus, 0.46% potassium and 0.12% magnesium, in the natural matter. The mean values of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) AME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) AME coefficient (CAME) and coefficient of AMEn (CAMEn) of DRC in natural matter were 1598 kcal kg-1, 1605 kcal kg-1, 45.42% and 45.61%, according to the methodology proposed by Matterson et al. (1965), respectively. According to another analysis method (ADEOLA, 2000), the AMEn value found may vary from 1789 kcal kg-1 to 1808 kcal kg-1. In the second experiment birds were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x5 factorial scheme, consisting of the combination of the addition or not of carbohydrases and five levels of inclusion of DRC, resulting in 10 treatments and with five replicates of 22 birds each. At 21 days of age, two birds each were fasted for 6 hours, for blood brachial puncture. At 42 days old, four birds per pen were slaughtered to determine carcass yield, cut and organs, and percentage of abdominal fat and assessment of meat quality. Between 1-21 days old there was interaction (P0.05) from the control diet (CD). Carcass yields, breast, thigh, drumstick and wing were not influenced (P>0.05) by supplementation of carbohydrases and DRC inclusion levels in phase from 1-21 days. The relative weight of organs was not affected (P>0.05) by inclusion of DRC and addition or not of carbohydrases. The inclusion of carbohydrases provided an increase (P0.05) by the presence or absence of carbohydrases. The concentration of Gamma GT showed an increase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine showed a decrease (P0.05) due to the inclusion of DRC and with the addition or not of carbohydrases, in evaluation 15 minutes post mortem. In the analysis 24 hours post mortem there was significant interaction (P0.05) by inclusion of DRC and addition or not of carbohydrases. The cooking loss (CL) was influenced (P 0.05) by levels of DRC and addition or not of carbohydrases. The color variable b * showed a decrease (P 0,05) da ração controle (RC). Os rendimentos de carcaça, peito, coxa, sobrecoxa e asa não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pela suplementação de carboidrases e níveis de inclusão do RSF na fase de 1 a 21 dias. O peso relativo de órgãos não foi afetado (P>0,05) pela inclusão do RSF e adição ou não de carboidrases. A inclusão das carboidrases proporcionou um aumento (P0,05) pela presença ou não das carboidrases. A concentração da Gama GT apresentou um acréscimo e da alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e creatinina apresentaram um decréscimo (P0,05) em função da inclusão do RSF e com a adição ou não das carboidrases, na avaliação 15 minutos post mortem. Na análise 24 horas post mortem houve interação significativa (P0,05) pela inclusão do RSF e adição ou não de carboidrases. A perda por cocção (PPC) foi influenciada (P0,05) pelos níveis do RSF e adição ou não de carboidrases. A variável de cor b* apresentou um decréscimo (P