Cuidados domiciliares p??s neurocirurgia: Constru????o e valida????o de manual para idosos e familiares

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Rocha.pdf: 6364332 bytes, checksum: a2d037cc85673f03757314cd21494538 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-13 The aim of this study was to construct and validate a manual for home care for older people undergoing neurosurgery and their families. We had as a method to quantitative and qualitative approach, divided into three stages, contextualization, development and manual validation. The construction of the guide is performed parti lifting evidence through an integrative review. The development was carried out by developing the manual construction of steps and manual validation took place through the evaluation of 11 judges-experts, 4 elderly patients undergoing neurological surgery at the referral hospital in Traumatology in the city of the state of Amazonas Manaus and 4 family, designated as the target population. The judges were responsible for evaluating the purpose, structure, presentation, and relevance, namely made the analysis of the construct of the content, verifying the suitability of each item. Already the target population assessed the purpose, organization, writing style, appearance and motivation, thereby making the manual semantic analysis. These participants completed an evaluation questionnaire with closed questions, with space for suggestions and comments. The descriptive statistical analysis was used SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 16. versa manual on the following contents: coming home after brain surgery; knowing a little about the disease and brain disorders and their complications; preparing the house before hospital discharge; guidance on the daily care; care communication; care handling and transfer; guidelines for the use of hammock; hygiene and comfort; skin care and use of diapers; how to make simple dressings; care with nutrition and hydration; care enteral nutrition; care with the use of medication; care elimination (urine and feces). With regard to the quantitative analysis, the material proved to be valid from the point of view of content and appearance, as presented a level of agreement among experts judges (80.91%) and the target audience (98, 75%). The analysis of the suggestions and comments of the judges-experts, generated three thematic foci: the manual and their purpose; structuring and text readability, layout; general evaluation. It is considered that the manual built for the guidance of home care for the elderly undergoing neurosurgery, validated by the participant committee of the validation process, bring benefits in quality of life post-neurosurgery elderly and their families, and serve as a support educational for the multidisciplinary team, especially nurses, in preparation for discharge and home care of the Family Health Strategy. O objetivo deste estudo foi construir e validar um manual de cuidados domiciliares para pessoas idosas submetidas a neurocirurgia e seus familiares. Teve como m??todo a abordagem quanti-qualitativa, divido em tr??s etapas, contextualiza????o, desenvolvimento e valida????o do manual. A constru????o do manual foi realizada a parti do o levantamento de evid??ncias por meio de uma revis??o integrativa. O desenvolvimento realizou-se, mediante a elabora????o dos passos da constru????o do manual e a valida????o do manual ocorreu atrav??s da avalia????o de 11 ju??zes-especialistas, 4 idosos submetidos a cirurgia neurol??gica em um hospital de refer??ncia em traumatologia na cidade de Manaus do estado do Amazonas e 4 familiares, designados como p??blico-alvo. Os ju??zes foram respons??veis em avaliar o objetivo, a estrutura, apresenta????o e relev??ncia, ou seja, fizeram an??lise do conte??do do construto, verificando a adequa????o de cada item. J?? o p??blico-alvo avaliou o objetivo, organiza????o, estilo da escrita, apar??ncia e motiva????o, desse modo, fazendo a an??lise sem??ntica do manual. Esses participantes responderam um question??rio de avalia????o com perguntas fechadas, com espa??o para sugest??es e coment??rios. Para an??lise estat??stica descritiva dos dados foi utilizado o programa estat??stico SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) vers??o 16. O manual versa sobre os seguintes conte??dos: voltando para casa ap??s cirurgia cerebral; conhecendo um pouco sobre as doen??as e problemas cerebrais e suas complica????es; preparo da casa antes da alta hospitalar; orienta????es sobre os cuidados di??rios; cuidados com a comunica????o; cuidados com a movimenta????o e transfer??ncia; orienta????es para o uso de rede de dormir; cuidados de higiene e conforto; cuidados com a pele e com uso de fraldas; como fazer curativos simples; cuidados com alimenta????o e hidrata????o; cuidados com alimenta????o enteral; cuidados com o uso de medica????o; cuidados com elimina????es (urina e fezes). No que se refere ?? an??lise quantitativa, o material mostrou-se validado do ponto de vista de conte??do e apar??ncia, visto que apresentou um n??vel de concord??ncia entre os ju??zes especialistas de (80,91%) e do p??blico-alvo de (98,75%). A an??lise das sugest??es e coment??rios dos ju??zes-especialistas, gerou tr??s focos tem??ticos: o manual e suas finalidades; estrutura????o e legibilidade textual, diagrama????o; avalia????o geral. Considera-se que o manual constru??do para a orienta????o de cuidados domiciliares a pessoas idosas submetidas a neurocirurgia, validado pelo comit?? participante do processo de valida????o, traga benef??cios na qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa p??s-neurocirurgia e seus familiares, e, sirva como suporte educacional para a equipe multidisciplinar, principalmente o enfermeiro, no preparo para a alta hospitalar e no acompanhamento domiciliar da Estrat??gia Sa??de da Fam??lia