Estudo da infec??o por Leishmania sp em c?es na Macrorregi?o de Te?filo Otoni ?- MG

Submitted by Gilson Rodrigues (gilson.rodrigues@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-10-05T16:57:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 l?dia_roedel_hinkelmann_berbert.pdf: 7164906 bytes, checksum: 66294177910622274f27cbc78e86bc5c (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-10-11T22:49:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 l?dia_roedel_hinkelmann_berbert.pdf: 7164906 bytes, checksum: 66294177910622274f27cbc78e86bc5c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-10-11T22:49:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 l?dia_roedel_hinkelmann_berbert.pdf: 7164906 bytes, checksum: 66294177910622274f27cbc78e86bc5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) ? uma doen?a infecciosa causada pelo protozo?rio Leishmania infantum, o qual ? transmitido pela picada do fleb?tomo Lutzomyia longipalpis infectado. Segundo a Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de, a LVC est? presente em 88 pa?ses, sendo o c?o dom?stico o principal reservat?rio para o agente etiol?gico da doen?a humana. O Brasil registrou entre 2010 a 2018 um crescimento exponencial no n?mero de casos humanos e caninos de Leishmaniose Visceral. O diagn?stico da LVC ? realizado rotineiramente nas cl?nicas veterin?rias por meio de exame cl?nico associado a m?todos sorol?gicos, conforme recomenda??o do Minist?rio da Sa?de. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a LVC na Macrorregi?o de Te?filo Otoni atrav?s do diagn?stico molecular, isolamento e identifica??o de esp?cies de Leishmania sp nos c?es. No presente estudo, foram utilizados c?es provenientes da Cl?nica Veterin?ria S?o Francisco e do Canil Municipal de Te?filo Otoni, MG, para coleta das amostras com aprova??o da CEUA?Mucuri da UFVJM. Foram selecionados 132 c?es com resultado DPP positivo. Posteriormente, os animais foram avaliados quanto ? sintomatologia, sexo e tratamento. Foi realizado o Teste R?pido e feita a coleta de pele de orelha esquerda e aspirado de medula ?ssea. O aspirado de medula foi enviado para a Fiocruz para visualiza??o, identifica??o do protozo?rio e confirma??o do diagn?stico. Pelo menos um sinal cl?nico, possivelmente associado ? LVC foi observado em 77,27% dos animais e 83% dos animais apresentavam pelagem curta. Os animais com mais de 6(seis) anos de idade apresentaram um percentual de positividade menor em rela??o a faixa de animais adultos?jovens. Os locais de maior incid?ncia da LVC aconteceram em ?reas da regi?o Norte da Cidade de Te?filo Otoni. Ao se avaliar os resultados das culturas realizadas com as amostras de aspirado de medula ?ssea, observou?se que 86 animais (65,15%) apresentaram cultura de Leishmania sp negativa e a leitura de l?minas pr?vias ? cultura, verificou?se presen?a de formas amastigotas de Leishmania sp em 26,52% das l?minas de medula e em 18,18% das l?minas de pele de orelha. Ao se avaliar os resultados de PCR e RFLP observou?se que dos 132 animais avaliados, 56 amostras apresentaram resultado positivo para PCR (42,42%) e 69 amostras (52,27%) apresentaram resultado positivo para RFLP (identifica??o da esp?cie de Leishmania sp), sendo 56 amostras de sangue de medula e 13 amostras de macerado de cultura positiva que tiveram resultado negativo na PCR. A L. infantum foi a ?nica esp?cie encontrada nas amostras analisadas. No resultado final, 88 c?es (66,67%) deste estudo tiveram o diagn?stico confirmado com positividade em pelo menos um dos testes realizados (parasitol?gico e/ou molecular). Este estudo demonstrou que, o diagn?stico da LVC ainda enfrenta s?rios desafios e requer o uso de v?rios testes diagn?sticos. Especialmente na Macrorregi?o de Te?filo Otoni, MG, existem poucos dados epidemiol?gicos sobre a LVC, portanto, a detec??o precoce de c?es infectados ? essencial para o direcionamento e melhoria das a??es estrat?gicas no controle da LV. Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Ambiente e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2021. Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is an infectious disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, which is transmitted by the bite of the infected sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. According to the World Health Organization, LVC is present in 88 countries, with the domestic dog being the main reservoir for human disease. Between 2010 and 2018 Brazil registered an exponential growth in the number of human and canine cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis. The diagnosis of CVL is routinely performed in veterinary clinics through clinical examination associated with serological methods, as recommended by the Ministry of Health. The objective of this work was to study the situation of CVL in the Macroregion of Te?filo Otoni through molecular diagnosis, isolation and identification of species of Leishmania sp in dogs. In the present study, dogs from the S?o Francisco Veterinary Clinic and the Municipal Kennel of Te?filo Otoni, MG, were used to collect samples with approval from CEUA?Mucuri of UFVJM. Dogs with a positive PPD result were selected. Subsequently, the animals were evaluated for symptomatology, sex and treatment. The Rapid Test was performed and the skin from the left ear and bone marrow aspirate were collected. The marrow blood was sent to Fiocruz for visualization, identification of the protozoan and confirmation of the diagnosis. At least one clinical sign, possibly associated with CVL, was observed in 77.27% of the animals and 83% of the animals had short fur. Animals over 6(six) years of age had a lower percentage of positivity in relation to the range of young?adult animals. The places with the highest incidence of LVC were in areas in the northern region of the city of Te?filo Otoni. When evaluating the results of cultures performed with the samples of bone marrow aspirate, it was observed that from the samples of 132 animals, 86 (65,15%) had negative Leishmania culture and the reading of slides prior to the culture, there was the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania spp in 26.52% of marrow lamina and in 18.18% of ear skin lamina. When evaluating the results of PCR and RFLP, it was observed that of the 132 animals evaluated, 56 samples were positive for PCR (42.42%) and 76 samples were negative for PCR (57.58%) and 69 samples had a result positive for RFLP (Leishmania Species Identification), 56 marrow blood samples and 13 culture macerate positive samples were PCR negative. The species of Leishmania infantum was the only species found in the analyzed samples. In the final result, 88 dogs (66.67%) in this study had the diagnosis confirmed with positivity in at least one of the tests performed (parasitological and/or molecular). This study demonstrated that the diagnosis of CVL still faces serious challenges and requires the use of various diagnostic tests. Especially in the Macroregion of Te?filo Otoni, MG, there are few epidemiological data on CVL, therefore, the early detection of infected dogs is essential for targeting and improving strategic actions to control VL.