Study of the chemical composition, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of Brazilian brown propolis and the application of propolis extracts in sodium carboxymethylcellulose films

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2021-11-09T02:36:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Juliana Paes Leme de Mello Sousa.pdf: 3642117 bytes, checksum: 434795782f438bf0884d950e52f093ec (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-09T02:36:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Juliana Paes Leme de Mello Sousa.pdf: 3642117 bytes, checksum: 434795782f438bf0884d950e52f093ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-08-26 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior Propolis is a natural product that has been used in the treatment of diseases since ancient times. The presence of several phenolic substances explains, in part, the variety of biological and therapeutic properties reported in the literature. Of note are flavonoids, cinnamic acids and their esters. Aiming to expand and produce knowledge about Brazilian propolis, it is necessary to analyze this product in order to characterize its identity, its composition and evaluate its effects on health when adopted by the population. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical profile by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD), wax and balm content, comparison of UV-Vis spectral data profiles, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus from ten extracts of brown propolis (Apis mellifera) obtained from Japira, Northern Paran?, removed by the scraping method in November 2013. As well as the preparation and characterization of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) films impregnated with extracts of brown propolis. Four extraction methods were performed: dynamic maceration at room temperature; dynamic maceration at 50?C; extraction at room temperature ultrasound bath and ultrasound extraction using immersion probe; as well as two types of solvents (Ethanol and Methanol P.A) in order to optimize yield. Generally, the chemical profile of extracts HPLC-DAD propolis was similar and the main identified substances were: chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic, p-coumaric and rosmarinic acid, besides the flavonoids pinobanksina, canferol and canferide. Among the phenolic substances quantified in brown propolis extracts with the highest value was canferide for both ethanolic propolis extracts (obtained by ultrasound extraction using immersion probe 39.58 ? 14.33 mg100mg-1 extract) and methanolic propolis extracts (obtained by dynamic maceration extraction at 50?C 34.86 ? 3, 29 mg100mg-1 extract).What can characterize canferide as a biomarker of the propolis samples studied in this work. When comparing brown propolis extracts with green propolis extracts, the chemometric analysis showed a difference between the extraction solvents as well as between the propolis types. Regarding antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, all brown and green propolis extracts were able to promote inhibition of this Gram-positive bacterium in the agar diffusion test. NaCMC films and propolis extract impregnated NaCMC films showed adequate results for dressing purposes such as transparency, flexibility, immediate release of embedded products and thermal resistance. A pr?polis ? um produto natural que tem sido empregado no tratamento de enfermidades desde os tempos antigos. A presen?a de diversas subst?ncias fen?licas explica, em parte, a variedade das propriedades biol?gicas e terap?uticas relatadas na literatura. Destacam-se os flavonoides, ?cidos cin?micos e seus ?steres. Visando ampliar e produzir conhecimento sobre a pr?polis brasileira, faz-se necess?rio analisar este produto de forma a caracterizar sua identidade, sua composi??o e avaliar seus efeitos na sa?de quando adotados pela popula??o. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar o perfil qu?mico por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE-DAD), comparar os perfis dos extratos obtidos por UV-Vis, determinar o teor de ceras, b?lsamos e das subst?ncias fen?licas, avaliar a capacidade antioxidante e a atividade antimicrobiana frente ? Staphylococcus aureus de dez extratos de pr?polis marrom (Apis mellifera) obtidas do munic?pio de Japira, Norte do Paran?. Al?m disso, foi realizado a prepara??o e a caracteriza??o de filmes de carboximetilcelulose s?dica (NaCMC) impregnados com extratos de pr?polis marrom. Para preparar os extratos, quatro m?todos de extra??o foram realizados: macera??o din?mica a temperatura ambiente; macera??o din?mica a 50?C; extra??o em banho de ultrassom a temperatura ambiente e extra??o com ultrassom usando sonda de imers?o; com dois tipos de solventes (etanol e metanol P.A). De modo geral, o perfil qu?mico dos extratos de pr?polis marrom por CLAE-DAD foi semelhante e as principais subst?ncias identificadas foram: ?cido clorog?nico, cafeico, ferulico, p-cum?rico e rosmar?nico, al?m dos flavonoides pinobanksina, canferol e canferide. Dentre as subst?ncias fen?licas quantificadas nos extratos de pr?polis marrom a que obteve maior valor foi o canferide tanto para os extratos etan?licos de pr?polis (obtidos por extra??o com ultrassom usando sonda de imers?o 39,58 ?14,33 mg100mg-1 de extrato) quanto para os extratos metan?licos de pr?polis (obtidos por extra??o com macera??o din?mica a 50?C 34,86?3,29 mg100mg-1 de extrato). O que pode sugerir o canferide como um biomarcador das amostras de pr?polis marrom estudadas nesse trabalho. Quando comparados os extratos de pr?polis marrom com os extratos de pr?polis verde, a an?lise quimiom?trica mostrou diferen?a entre os solventes usados na extra??o, bem como entre os tipos de pr?polis. Quanto a atividade antimicrobiana frente a S. aureus, todos os extratos de pr?polis marrom e verde se mostraram capazes de promover inibi??o desta bact?ria Gram-positiva no teste de difus?o em ?gar. Os filmes NaCMC impregnados com extrato de pr?polis verde apresentaram se mostraram promissores no preparo de poss?veis de curativos, pois apresnetaream transpar?ncia, flexibilidade, libera??o imediata das subst?ncias incorporadas e resist?ncia t?rmica