Los factores asociados con la infecci?n por Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora spp. y Toxoplasma gondii en los caballos de la microregi?n Serrana del estado de R?o de Janeiro

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2019-11-05T18:24:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Ulisses Jorge Pereira Stelmann.pdf: 2898011 bytes, checksum: 3008e74e285fcb83a0777dc7615797d0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-05T18:24:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Ulisses Jorge Pereira Stelmann.pdf: 2898011 bytes, checksum: 3008e74e285fcb83a0777dc7615797d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 CAPES Among the neurological diseases that affect horses, the protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) takes an outstanding position, which is characterized by infection of the central nervous system (CNS). The disease was initially attributed to Toxoplasma gondii, however, nowadays it is known that Sarcocystis neurona is the major causing agent of this disease. In spite of this, studies have shown the occurrence of clinical signs similar to those observed in the EPM by S. neurona in the neosporosis associated with the neurological form in horses, which is caused by the species Neospora caninum and Neospora hughesi. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of S. neurona, Neospora spp. and T. gondii in horses from Serrana microregion of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This region is formed by the cities of Petr?polis, Sao Jos? do Vale do Rio Preto and Teres?polis. In addition, were verified the probable factors associated with the presence of these properties in the etiologic agents that participated in this cross sectional study. By convenience, were selected agricultural establishments with equine breeding, regardless of age, sex and race. The choice of animals was non random. Participated in the study 23 agricultural establishments with horse breeding, of which 19 belonged to Petr?polis, three from Teres?polis, and one from municipality of S?o Jos? do Vale do Rio Preto. Blood samples were collected from 375 horses, which were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for antibodies against coccidia of interest in the study. There was a small number of seropositive subjects at three equine protozoal studied, 8.27% (31/375) of horses positive for S. neurona, 1.87% (7/375) on the Neospora spp. and 2.13% (8/375) on T. gondii. In conclusion, S. neurona infection was the most prevalent and presented a greater number of statistically significant results among the variables studied. Infection with Neospora spp. was related to properties with a history of abortion and those where the cats had access to horse?s food. In our study, none of the evaluated variables was statistically significant for T. gondii infection. Even in the presence of favorable conditions for the occurrence of definitive hosts of S. neurona, Neospora spp. and T. gondii, the sanitary conditions of animals and agricultural establishments analyzed contributed to a low occurrence of seropositive horses for the three etiological agents surveyed in the Serrana microregion of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dentre as enfermidades neurol?gicas que acometem equinos, a mieloencefalite por protozo?rio (EPM) assume posi??o de destaque, sendo caracterizada pela infec??o do sistema nervoso central (SNC). Inicialmente atribu?da a Toxoplasma gondii, por?m, sabe se hoje que Sarcocystis neurona ? o principal agente etiol?gico da enfermidade. Todavia, trabalhos demonstraram a ocorr?ncia de sinais cl?nicos, semelhantes ?queles observados na EPM por S. neurona, associados ? forma neurol?gica da neosporose em equinos, que ? causada pelas esp?cies, Neospora caninum e Neospora hughesi. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a soropreval?ncia para S. neurona, Neospora spp. e T. gondii, em equinos da microrregi?o Serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro, constitu?da pelos munic?pios de Petr?polis, S?o Jos? do Vale do Rio Preto e Teres?polis, al?m de verificar os prov?veis fatores associados ? presen?a desses agentes etiol?gicos nas propriedades que participaram deste estudo transversal. Foram selecionados, por conveni?ncia, estabelecimentos agropecu?rios com cria??o de equinos, independentemente da idade, sexo e ra?a. A escolha dos animais foi realizada de forma n?o aleat?ria. Participaram desse estudo 23 estabelecimentos agropecu?rios com cria??o de equinos, dos quais 19 pertenciam a Petr?polis, tr?s a Teres?polis e um ao munic?pio de S?o Jos? do Vale do Rio Preto. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 375 equinos, as quais foram analisadas pela rea??o de imunofluoresc?ncia indireta (RIFI) para detec??o de anticorpos contra os cocc?dios de interesse do estudo. Observou se um baixo n?mero de equinos sororreagentes aos tr?s protozo?rios estudados, sendo 8,27% (31/375) dos equinos positivos para S. neurona, 1, 87% (7/375) para o Neospora spp. e 2,13% (8/375) para T. gondii. A infec??o por S. neurona foi a mais prevalente e a que apresentou um n?mero maior de resultados com signific?ncia estat?stica dentre as vari?veis pesquisadas. A infec??o por Neospora spp. esteve relacionada ? propriedades com hist?rico de abortamento e acesso de gatos aos alimentos dos equinos. Nas condi??es deste estudo, nenhuma das vari?veis avaliadas mostrou se estatisticamente significativa para a infec??o por T. gondii. Mesmo em presen?a de condi??es favor?veis para a ocorr?ncia dos hospedeiros definitivos de S. neurona, Neospora spp. e T. gondii, as condi??es higi?nico sanit?rias dos animais e dos estabelecimentos agropecu?rios analisados contribu?ram para uma baixa ocorr?ncia de equinos sororreagentes aos tr?s agentes etiol?gicos pesquisados na microrregi?o Serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro.