АКСИОМАТИЗАЦИЯ ФИЛОСОФСКОЙ ЭПИСТЕМОЛОГИИ (КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЙ СИНТЕЗ РАЦИОНАЛИЗМА ЛЕЙБНИЦА И ЭМПИРИЗМА ЛОККА, ЮМА, МУРА)

Предлагается новая (дополненная) система аксиом для общефилософской теории знания. В язык этой аксиоматической теории включаются новые термины, в частности, термин «существует алгоритм (может быть построена машина) для установления, что р». При этом в теорию включаются ранее отсутствовавшие в ней аксиомы, определяющие значения новых терминов. Исследуются приложения аксиоматики к истории философии.
The paper submits a new (substantially expanded) system of own axioms for the general philosophical theory of knowledge. In comparison with the previous option of axiomatizing epistemology some novel terms are added to the language of the axiomatic theory, for instance, the term "an algorithm exists (a machine can be constructed) for deciding that p", where p stands for a proposition. Precise definitions of meanings of the newly introduced terms are given indirectly by adding corresponding new own axioms of epistemology to the axiomatic system which axioms have not been included into the system hitherto. The submitted new axiomatic epistemology system makes up new precise definitions of the notions "a-priori-knowledge" and "a-posteriori-one". In the axiomatic system the two kinds of knowledge are precisely defined by means of compositions of epistemic, alethic, de-ontic, axiological and other modalities. Systematically exploiting the hypothetic-deductive method the author investigates the set of logic consequences of accepting the mentioned hypothetical precise definitions of the epistemic modalities "a-priori-knowledge-of-being" and "a-priori-knowledge-of-value" and of the graphic representation of their logical interrelations by means of the logical square-and-hexagon. In particular, at the level of artificial language a strict formal derivation of "it is obligatory that p" from "there is a-priory knowledge that p" is constructed within the framework of the submitted axiomatic epistemology system. Within the same system at the same level a strict formal derivation of "it is good that p" from "there is a-priory knowledge that p" is constructed as well. Moreover it is formally proved in the present paper that in the axiomatic system under consideration there is the logic equivalence between the modalities "it is obligatory that p" and "it is good that p", if it is true that "there is a-priory knowledge that p". The submitted new (significantly transformed and complemented) axiomatic system is applied to the relevant concrete material of the history of philosophy, namely, to G.W. Leibniz', D. Hume's, and G.E. Moore's philosophical epistemology views.