ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ОТСУБСТАНТИВНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ В БИЗНЕС-ДИСКУРСЕ (КОРПУСНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ТЕКСТОВ «THE FINANCIAL TIMES»)

Рассматриваются функциональные свойства английских отсубстантивных глаголов в бизнес-дискурсе. Для изучения от-субстантивных глаголов, функционирующих в корпусе текстов британской деловой газеты «The Financial Times», привлекался комплекс исследовательских методов: корпусный анализ, лексикографический анализ, дискурсивный анализ. Делается вывод об увеличении числа отсубстантивных глаголов, приводится их классификация по типу пропозиции, а также анализируются причины широкой распространенности в бизнес-дискурсе глаголов с метафорическим значением.
The paper is devoted to the examination of functional properties of English denominal verbs in business discourse. Although de-nominal verbs formed via transmutation from nouns make up a significant class of English verbs, their functioning in business discourse remains understudied. This justifies the novelty and relevance of the work. The study is based on the data of the British business newspaper the Financial Times. The corpus of the Financial Times articles referring to 2014-2015 and comprising more than 621,000 words was collected. A number of research methods were employed. At the first stage a quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the number of denominal verbs functioning in the corpus and to compare the data gained with that of the LOB corpus. The comparison of the Financial Times corpus and the subcorpus of press of the LOB corpus, which refers to 1961, allowed the author to draw a conclusion that the quantity of denominal verbs in the British press increased over the 50-year period. In the FT corpus 163 denominal verbs were found and analysed with the lexicographical and contextual methods for further classification. In the paper the classification of denominal verbs based on the type of proposition is given. When analysing the type of proposition the attention is focused not on the predicate but on the actant which is determined by the parent noun. To have reasons to put a verb into a particular group, their definitions in an English-English dictionary, their translation given in an English-Russian dictionary, the context the verb is used in and, in some cases, the etymology of the verb were analysed. The classification includes six groups of verbs: verbs with incorporated subject (e.g. to witness, to doctor), verbs with incorporated object (e.g. to bill, to tag), verbs with incorporated locative (e.g. to shop, to house), verbs with incorporated instrument (e.g. to e-mail, to pen), verbs with incorporated resultative (e.g. to clone, to draft) and verbs with incorporated descriptive (e.g. to axe, to balloon). The final group of verbs, whose meaning is based on metaphor, turned out to be the most numerous in the corpus (29 % of all the denominal verbs). The author believes it can be explained by the presence of evaluation in this type of discourse and by the important role metaphor plays in the formation of concepts because of the complexity of processes and phenomena business discourse is characterised by.