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Zimbabwe's Infrastructure : A Continental Perspective
- Publication Year :
- 2011
- Publisher :
- World Bank, Washington, DC, 2011.
-
Abstract
- Despite general economic decline and power supply deficiencies, infrastructure made a modest net contribution of less than half a percentage point to Zimbabwe's improved per capita growth performance in recent years. Raising the country's infrastructure endowment to that of the region's middle-income countries could boost annual growth by about 2.4 percentage points. Zimbabwe made significant progress in infrastructure in its early period as an independent state. The country managed to put in place a national electricity network and establish regional interconnection in the power sector; to build an extensive network of roads for countrywide accessibility and integration into the regional transport corridors; to lay the water and sewerage system; and to make progress on building dams and tapping the significant irrigation potential. Unfortunately, at present the cross-cutting issue across all these sectors is Zimbabwe's inability to maintain and rehabilitate the existing infrastructure since the country became immersed in economic and political turmoil in the late 1990s. Neglect of all sectors due to the crisis has resulted in a generalized lack of new investment (in the power and water sectors in particular), and the accumulation of a huge rehabilitation agenda. Quality of service has declined across the board. The power system has become unjustifiably costly, inefficient, and unreliable. The condition of roads has deteriorated to the point that Zimbabwe became a bottleneck on the North-South transport corridor. Rural connectivity hardly exists. Failure to treat potable water, along with the deterioration of the water, sanitation, and garbage disposal systems, was responsible for the spread of cholera in 2008. By 2010 cholera affected most areas of the country and posed a health threat to neighboring countries. Looking ahead, Zimbabwe faces a number of important infrastructure challenges. Zimbabwe's most pressing challenges lie in the power and water sectors. Inefficient and unreliable power supply poses major risks to the economy, while the maintenance and upgrading of existing power infrastructure no longer looks to be affordable. At the same time, overhauling the water and sewerage system is imperative for curbing the public health crisis.
- Subjects :
- WATER CONSUMPTION
GROWTH RATES
PUBLIC FUNDING
RAILWAYS
ROAD
RAIL NETWORK
THERMAL POWER GENERATION
AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING
CONCESSION
RAILWAY
SERVICE PROVIDERS
POWER SYSTEM
WATER SOURCE
O&M
GENERATION CAPACITY
WATER TARIFFS
TOLL
OIL IMPORTS
GOVERNMENT BUDGET
THERMAL PLANTS
WELLS
REVENUE COLLECTION
HYDROPOWER
COST PER KILOWATT
CABLE
IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
INVESTMENT COST
SERVICE QUALITY
LEAKAGE
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
RAILROAD
SURFACE WATER
ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
REGIONAL TRANSIT
POWER CAPACITY
POWER THEFT
INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL
SANITATION UTILITIES
TRANSPORT QUALITY
RAIL
DISCOUNT RATE
TRUE
AIRPORTS
COST RECOVERY
THERMAL POWER
LOCOMOTIVE
RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
TARIFF REGULATION
GROUNDWATER
RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER
GENERATING CAPACITY
LEVEL OF COMPETITION
PRIVATE FINANCING
ACCIDENTS
DOMESTIC COAL
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
QUALITY OF SERVICE
TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
RUNOFF
ROADS
URBAN WATER UTILITIES
AIR
ABUSE OF MONOPOLY POWER
ENERGY RESOURCES
ROAD CONDITIONS
URBAN DWELLERS
INTERNATIONAL AVIATION
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
DOMESTIC ENERGY
GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
BILL COLLECTION
POWER COSTS
HOUSEHOLDS
URBAN ROADS
INVESTMENT COSTS
POTABLE WATER
POWER
URBAN WATER
CUBIC METERS
POWER TRADE
PRESSURE
DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
SUGARCANE
POWER PRICES
WATER SERVICE
FREIGHT
PIPED WATER
RAIL FREIGHT
DAMS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
ARTERY
FOREIGN INVESTMENT
RAIL TRANSPORTATION
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
ROAD MAINTENANCE
WATER UTILITIES
WATER SUPPLY
WATER USE
POWER NETWORK
TRANSPORT
TRANSPORTATION
ACCESS TO WATER
PUBLIC INVESTMENT
FLUSH TOILETS
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE
UTILITY SERVICES
INFRASTRUCTURE ASSETS
BORDER CROSSINGS
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
POWER STATION
MARKET ACCESS
DRAINAGE
CANALS
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
TAX
BANDWIDTH
ROAD CONNECTIONS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
MINERALS
WATER PRODUCTION
WATER SOURCES
AIRCRAFT
TRANSPORT MARKET
RAINFALL
POPULATION GROWTH
POWER DEMAND
VERTICAL INTEGRATION
HIGH TRAFFIC DENSITY
INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT
DIESEL
CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
WATER RESOURCE
TOWNS
CARRIERS
ENERGY OUTLOOK
OIL
CAR
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY
TRANSPORT CAPACITY
TRANSPORT MODES
BALANCE
DEMAND FOR POWER
RAIL TRAFFIC
WATER AUTHORITY
CUBIC METER
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
CAPITAL INVESTMENT
DISTRIBUTION GRID
COVERING
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
SANITATION
DERAILMENTS
WATERSHED
SANITATION SECTOR
FINANCIAL CAPACITY
SANITATION SOLUTIONS
ROAD NETWORK
DISTRIBUTION LOSSES
ALLOCATING WATER RIGHTS
HYDROPOWER GENERATION
MARKET CONCENTRATION
BORDER TRADE
CONCESSION CONTRACT
COMPETITIVE MARKETS
GENERATION
ROAD NETWORKS
SANITATION FACILITIES
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
TRANSIT
MINERAL RESOURCES
WATER STORAGE
FUEL
POWER SECTOR
TRANSPORT SAFETY
ACCESSIBILITY
ELECTRICITY
ALTERNATIVE ROUTE
COAL
IRRIGATION
ROUTE
KILOWATT-HOUR
URBAN ROAD
ROAD SECTOR
RAILWAY NETWORK
ADEQUATE FINANCING
TRANSPORT CORRIDORS
COAL PRICE
TRAFFIC FLOWS
DRIVING
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
TARIFF CHANGES
INFRASTRUCTURES
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY
REGIONAL TRANSPORT
RESIDENTIAL DEMAND
RURAL COMMUNITIES
MAINTENANCE COSTS
AVERAGE TARIFF
TRANSMISSION CAPACITY
PROVISION OF WATER
TRANSPORT INDICATORS
GASOLINE
RURAL ROADS
TRAFFIC
UTILITIES
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION
CEMENT
ROAD TRAFFIC
INVESTMENT TARGETS
POWER SECTORS
ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY
COAL SUPPLY
WASTEWATER SERVICES
AIR TRANSPORT
HOLDING COMPANY
CAPACITY EXPANSION
AVAILABILITY
BORDER CROSSING
COST OF POWER
WATER QUALITY
NATURAL RESOURCES
BORDER TRANSMISSION
TRANSPORT POLICY
ARTERIES
WATER RESOURCES
ENERGY SOURCES
URBAN AREAS
ECONOMIC LOSS
RAIL OPERATOR
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.od......2456..1214445e2ca529c5d7f3665cf876eeb1