The non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) for trisomy 21 : health economic aspects - Synthesis

25 p. ill, FOREWORD 1 -- SYNTHESIS 2 -- 1. INTRODUCTION 4 -- 1.1. DOWN SYNDROME 4 -- 1.2. NIPT 4 -- 1.3. SCOPE, RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND METHODS 5 -- 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 6 -- 3. CONTEXT-SPECIFIC MODELLING 6 -- 3.1. PREGNANCIES AND CHILDREN BORN WITH DOWN SYNDROME 6 -- 3.2. CURRENT PRENATAL SCREENING 7 -- 3.3. THE INVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC TEST PROCEDURES 11 -- 3.4. DECISIONS WITH REGARD TO PREGNANCY TERMINATION 11 -- 3.5. OUTCOMES AND TIME HORIZON 12 -- 3.6. INPUT VARIABLES FOR THE MODEL 12 -- 4. RESULTS OF THE MODEL 15 -- 4.1. NIPT FOR TRIAGE IN AT RISK WOMEN AFTER CURRENT SCREENING 15 -- 4.1.1. NIPT in 5% screen positives at a 1:300 risk cut-off 15 -- 4.1.2. NIPT in 20% screen positives at a 1:1700 risk cut-off 15 -- 4.2. PRIMARY NIPT SCREENING 15 -- 4.2.1. Primary NIPT screening with current uptake 15 -- 4.2.2. Increased NIPT uptake of 90% 16 -- 5. CONCLUSIONS 18 -- 5.1. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 18 -- 5.2. INFORMED DECISION MAKING 18 -- 5.3. A HIGHER SENSITIVITY 19 -- 5.4. A HIGHER SPECIFICITY 20 -- 5.5. OPTIONS FOR INTRODUCING NIPT 20 -- RECOMMENDATIONS 21 -- REFERENCES 23