RIGHTS IN REM IN MARITIME LAW

Osrednja nit tega diplomskega dela je obravnava stvarne tematike v pomorskem pravu. Stvarnopravni segment prava ima v slovenski zakonodaji temelje v stvarnopravnem zakoniku, a kakor hitro gre za pomorsko-stvarnopravno problematiko, je treba upoštevati specialnejša določila pomorskega prava. Ta so v določenih aspektih bistveno drugače urejena in drugače definirana. Diplomska naloga nudi rezultate proučevanja omenjene tematike. Tako je podrobno predstavljena lastninska pravica na ladji. V nadaljevanju so predstavljene zastavne pravice katerih ustanovitev je na ladji mogoča v dveh oblikah. V obliki pomorske hipoteke in pomorskega privilegija. Ta dva instituta sta unikum zastavnih pravic, ki eksistirata le znotraj pomorsko-stvarnega prava. Skladno z prezentacijo zastavnih pravic v pomorstvu kontinentalnega pravnega reda, diplomska naloga nudi tudi prikaz te tvarine v anglosaškem pravnem redu. Tako sta podrobneje predstavljena anglosaška instituta lien in mortgage. V okvir diplomske naloge je vpeto tudi poglavje obligacijskih pravic, katere so tesno povezane z stvarnopravno tematiko. Podrobneje sta urejena pridržek lastninske pravice in retencijska pravica. Predstavljena je tudi sodna pristojnost in pravna podlaga obravnavane tematike. Opisani so slovenski nacionalni viri, in mednarodne pogodbe, s področja stvarnih pravic v pomorskem pravu. Tako so podrobneje predstavljene mednarodne konvencije o poenotenju nekaterih pravil o pomorskih privilegijih in hipotekah iz leta 1926, 1967 in 1993 ter mednarodna konvencija v zvezi z aretacijo morske ladje obremenjene z hipoteko iz leta 1952 in mednarodna konvencija o vpisu stvarnih pravic na ladjah v gradnji iz leta 1967. Predstavljena je tudi medsebojna primerjava konvencij v odnosu med sabo in v odnosu do slovenske in hrvaške nacionalne zakonodaje na tem področju. Vzporedno s posameznimi poglavji, je obravnavana slovenska in tuja sodna praksa. Torej so predstavljeni sodni primeri navezujoč se na vsebino posameznega poglavja. Sinhrono s poglavji diplomskega dela je podana tudi primerjava slovenskega in hrvaškega pravnega reda, z izpostavo bistvenih razlik pomorsko-stvarne tematike med Slovenijo in Hrvaško. Ključne besede: Lastninska pravica, pomorski privilegij, pomorska hipoteka, lien, mortgage. Summary The central focus of this thesis is a discussion on real topics in maritime law. Law-of-property segment of law in Slovene legislation has foundations in Law of Property Code. When maritime law of property is involved, however, special provisions of maritime law have to be considered. The latter are settled and defined essentially different in certain aspects. The thesis offers the results of studying of the topics. Thus the property right on the ship is presented in detail. Later the lien is presented creation of the lien on the ship is possible in two forms. In the form of maritime mortgage and in the form of maritime privilege. These two institutes are unique in liens and exist only within maritime law of property. In accordance with the presentation of liens in maritime affairs of continental acquis, the thesis offers also a presentation of this matter in Anglo-Saxon acquis. Thus, Anglo-Saxon institutes lien in mortgage are presented more in detail. Obligation rights are also a part of the construction of the thesis. These are tightly connected to the law-of-property topics. Reservation of property right and possessory lien are settled more in detail. Jurisdiction and legal basis of the addressed topics are also presented. Slovene national sources and international treaties from the field of maritime law of property are described. Thus, international conventions on unification of certain rules on maritime privileges and mortgages from 1926, 1967 and 1993, as well as international convention in connection with the arrest of sea-going ship burdened by the mortgage from 1952, and international convention on the subscription of property rights on ships being constructed from 1967 are presented more in detail. Mutual comparison of conventions in relation between one another and in relation between Slovene and Croatian national legislation in this area is also presented. Parallel to individual chapters, Slovene and foreign case-law is discussed. Therefore, cases are presented with reflection to the contents of an individual chapter. The comparison of Slovene and Croatian acquis is presented synchronous with the chapter of the thesis the essential differences of maritime law of property between Slovenia and Croatia are pointed out. Keywords: Property right, maritime lien, maritime mortgage, lien, mortgage.