PURCHASING »JUST IN TIME« WITH THE USE OF SYSTEM »KANBAN«

V diplomskem delu predstavljamo poslovno raziskavo, saj gre za proučevanje delovanja sistema JIT in kanban v podjetju in kakšen vpliv ima to na podjetje. Najprej obravnavamo zaloge, saj so nujne za neprekinjeno delovanje proizvodnih procesov in za zadovoljeno raven storitev. Ker vemo, da imajo tako proizvodna kot tudi trgovska podjetja pogosto v zalogah vložen velik del finančnih sredstev, imamo možnost s pomočjo zalog skrajšati dobavne roke, zmanjšati zastoje v proizvodnji, zmanjšati tveganja povezana z zamudami pri dobavi, tveganja povezana z netočnimi predvidevanji povpraševanja ipd. Ta rezultat lahko dosežemo z uvedbo medsebojno povezanih sistemov JIT in kanban. V diplomski nalogi smo opredelili koncept JIT procesa, povzeli bistvene razlike med klasično serijsko proizvodnjo v okviru skupinske razmejitve in JIT proizvodnjo. Velik del poglavja smo posvetili tveganju, ki je prisoten pri uporabi tako JIT kot tudi kanbana. Ugotovili smo, da ima komunikacija oz. primanjkljaj komunikacije in IT v dobavni verigi zelo velik pomen in na primeru več podjetij tudi prikazali probleme, s katerimi so se soočila nekatera večja svetovno znana podjetja. V zadnjem poglavju smo podrobneje posvetili kanbanu, sistemu preproste kontrole proizvodnje, ki temelji na principu vlečenja materialov od enega do drugega delovnega centra. In this dissertation we present a business study – it’s about JIT and kanban systems, how they operate in a company and what effect do they have on a company. At first we discussed stocks, because they are necessary for continuous operation of manufacturing processes and for satisfied level of service. We know that production as well as commercial enterprises have often in stock a large part of their financial resources . That is the reason why we can shorten delivery times with some help of stocks, reduce congestion in production, reduce the risks related to delays in delivery and risks associated with inaccurate demand projections, etc... This result can be achieved whit introduction of interconnected systems – JIT and Kanban. We have defined a concept of JIT process, summarized some essential differences between classic serial production within block division on JIT production. We dedicated a large part of the chapter to risk inherent to JIT production and kanban. We found out that communication or lack of it and IT has great importance in supply chain. We present on several different cases some problems, which larger enterprises dealt with. The last chapter was devoted to Kanban, simple system of production control, based on the principle of pulling materials from one to another work center.