Rat i ṏikocid – Usporedba rezultata, istraživanja 1992. i 1993. godine

U članku se iznose rezultati empirijskog istraživanja percepcije rata i okoliša u Zagrebu 1993. godine i uspoređuju s rezultatima identičnog istraživanja u 1992. godini. Faktorskom analizom pod komponentnim modelom uz GK kriterij dobiveno je pet faktora I reda — dimenzija nazvanih: »rat u funkciji socijalne i ekološke destrukcije« (rat kao ekocid), »oslobodilački rat opravdava ekološke posljedice«, »rat u funkciji napretka i odabiranja« (rat kao napredak), »ratna tehnika potiče materijalno-tehnički napredak i izaziva ekološke katastrofe«, »kontrola ratne tehnike je kontrola uništavanja čovjekove egzistencije«. Vrlo je slična struktura latentnih dimenzija u 1992. i 1993. godini. Usporedbom rezultata dvaju istraživanja, osobito t-testovima, pokazalo se da su ostali nepromijenjeni opći kriteriji vrednovanja rata i ekocida, ali se u 1993. godini razlikuju konkretni kriteriji percepcije nekih tvrdnji i shvaćanja. Smanjena je osjetljivost ispitanika na ekološke posljedice a povećana na pobjedu i oslovođenje tj. vrijednosti života. Autor zaključuje da je do promjene došlo vjerojatno uslijed pogoršavanja socijalnog konteksta: nastavak rata i teške socijalne prilike. Pogoršanje socijalnog stanja i ratnih posljedica nije dovelo u pitanje opće vrijednosti prirode i opće osude rata kao destruktivnosti. Međutim u 1993. ostaje, kao i u 1992. dimenzija poimanja rata i kao poticajnog faktora napretka.
This article describes results of empiric research works on perception of war and environment, carried out on representative samples of students from the University of Zagreb in 1992 (312 respondents) and in 1993 (236 responders). The examination was performed using the method of questionnaire. The instrument of 15 items was accompanied by the Lickert scale from 1 to 5. For processing of results the multivariate analysis on component model by GK and BK criteria was applied. Both research works resulted in similar structure of five latent dimensions each, implying that the structure of thinking has essentially not changed. War is understood in two different ways: as destruction of environment and human beings, and as an impulse to progress. In 1993 the sensitivity of respondents towards actual protection of nature weakened, preferring victory and preservation of life, which means that social significance of war has gained weight. The comparison (t-tests) shows that in 1993 the sensitivity of respondents towards impacts of war on environment weakened, as well as the confidence in global control of war technology. Particular emphasis was laid on the belief that accumulation of war technology necessarily causes war. Despite their respecting the wartime circumstances in Croatia, a high percentage of respondents still take into account some civilization values of environment. War is perceived as a process of adapting the social and natural system, but also as an oicocide, i.e., destruction of environment and human culture.