Zur Oligomerisierung von 1-Decen mit ionischen Flüssigkeiten

Oligomers of higher olefins like 1-decene, known as polyalphaolefins (PAO), are used as base oils for lubricants and stand out due to a high stability combined with extraordinary greasing properties. Ionic liquids have properties that are variable in a wide range (polarity, acidity) and are employed both as solvents and catalysts. They are very well suited for biphasic catalysis and are preferentially used to recycle a catalyst. In this thesis there are various possibilities shown to oligomerise 1-decene with ionic liquids. In order to use the polyalphaolefins as base oils for engine oils, a product distribution comprised of trimers as the principal component was desired. This distribution was reached using systems consisting of boron trifluoride and tetrafluoroborates. In this work there is shown that boron trifluoride can be immobilised and recycled in ionic liquids. Further on there is explained how to control the product distribution from geometric to Poisson-like by solubility properties of the ionic liquid. The use of tensid-like tetrafluoroborates here very likely results in polyalphaolefins of higher quality.