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Genomic Consequences of Fragmentation in the Endangered Fennoscandian Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus)

Authors :
Norén, Christopher A. Cockerill
Malin Hasselgren
Nicolas Dussex
Love Dalén
Johanna von Seth
Anders Angerbjörn
Johan F. Wallén
Arild Landa
Nina E. Eide
Øystein Flagstad
Dorothee Ehrich
Aleksandr Sokolov
Natalya Sokolova
Karin
Source :
Genes; Volume 13; Issue 11; Pages: 2124
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022.

Abstract

Accelerating climate change is causing severe habitat fragmentation in the Arctic, threatening the persistence of many cold-adapted species. The Scandinavian arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) is highly fragmented, with a once continuous, circumpolar distribution, it struggled to recover from a demographic bottleneck in the late 19th century. The future persistence of the entire Scandinavian population is highly dependent on the northernmost Fennoscandian subpopulations (Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula), to provide a link to the viable Siberian population. By analyzing 43 arctic fox genomes, we quantified genomic variation and inbreeding in these populations. Signatures of genome erosion increased from Siberia to northern Sweden indicating a stepping-stone model of connectivity. In northern Fennoscandia, runs of homozygosity (ROH) were on average ~1.47-fold longer than ROH found in Siberia, stretching almost entire scaffolds. Moreover, consistent with recent inbreeding, northern Fennoscandia harbored more homozygous deleterious mutations, whereas Siberia had more in heterozygous state. This study underlines the value of documenting genome erosion following population fragmentation to identify areas requiring conservation priority. With the increasing fragmentation and isolation of Arctic habitats due to global warming, understanding the genomic and demographic consequences is vital for maintaining evolutionary potential and preventing local extinctions.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20734425
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Genes; Volume 13; Issue 11; Pages: 2124
Accession number :
edsair.multidiscipl..6c9523afbbccc4f3d4b8c17d5e7d3d98
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13112124