18世紀ドイツにおけるニュートンの運動法則Ⅱの受容

It is often said that Newton’s Law II was neglected in 18th century Germany. In fact, also Kant’s law of mechanics lacked Law II. Exactly, however, the theories of laws of motion were so various that we cannot conclude that Law II was nowhere formulated at that time. Especially, many natural philosophers who belong to Newtonian eclectics re-formulated Law II in their own ways. Their explanation of Law II was different from Newtonian mechanics today because they assumed the case where the motion is communicated by the force, which is proportional to “mv” (rather than “ma”), in the collision of two bodies. Given this, to investigate Kant’s theory of mechanics, it is inevitable to consider the textbooks by Newtonian eclectics.