論文レビューとCT検査の妥当性について

目的:The Lancetに掲載されたBerrington氏らによる論文をレビューし,CT検査の在り方について考察する.方法:Risk of Cancer from Diagnostic X-rays : estimates for the UK and 14 other countriesという論文をレビューし,CT検査の利益および不利益という見地から,CT検査の在り方について考察する.結果:本論文において,診断X線検査の放射線による発がんの寄与リスクは,他国に比べ日本が最も高く,日本で年間に発症するがんのうち,3.2%(年間7,587例の発がんに相当)が,診断に使われている放射線によるものであると推定された.結論:放射線を人体に照射する業務を行う我々は,患者に放射線による有害な影響の可能性を上回る利益を提供できるようにするべきであり,防護の最適化について,より工夫する必要がある.
Objectives : To review the article by Dr. Berrington de Gonzalez in The Lancet and consider the conduct of CT examinations in Japan. Methods : The article on the cancer risk of X-ray diagnostic examinations in the UK and 14 other countries was reviewed, and then the utilization of CT examinations in Japan was examined from the perspective of the advantages and disadvantages of CT examinations. Results & Conclusions : The article mentioned that, compared with other countries, Japan has the highest annual frequency of diagnostic X-rays. Japan also demonstrated the highest attributable risk, with 3.2% of the cumulative risk of cancer attributable to diagnostic X-rays, equivalent to 7587 cases of cancer per year. In terms of the usage of CT examinations in Japan, we who are involved in performing radiological examinations must ensure that the benefit to the patient exceeds the potential harms from radiation exposure, and we must devise methods to optimize radiation protection.
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