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Anatomo-sonographic identification of the longissimus capitis and splenius cervicis muscles: principles for possible application to ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections in cervical dystonia
- Source :
- Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Objective The main objective of this study was to define and verify anatomo-sonographic landmarks for ultrasound-guided injection of botulinum toxin into the longissimus capitis (LC) and splenius cervicis (SC) muscles. Methods and results After a preliminary work of anatomical description of the LC and SC muscles, we identified these muscles on two cadavers and then on a healthy volunteer using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to establish a radio-anatomical correlation. We defined an anatomo-sonographic landmark for the injection of each of these muscles. The correct positioning of vascular glue into the LC muscle and a metal clip into the SC muscle of a fresh cadaver as verified by dissection confirmed the utility of the selected landmarks. Discussion For the LC muscle, the intramuscular tendon of the cranial part of the muscle appears to be a reliable anatomical landmark. The ultrasound-guided injection can be performed within the cranial portion of the muscle, between the intra-muscular tendon and insertion into the mastoid process at dens of the axis level. For the SC muscle, the surface topographic landmarks of the spinous processes of the C4–C5 vertebrae and the muscle body of the levator scapulae muscle seem to be reliable landmarks. From these, the ultrasound-guided injection can be carried out laterally by transfixing the body of the levator scapulae. Conclusion The study defined two cervical anatomo-sonographic landmarks for injecting the LC and SC muscles.
- Subjects :
- Male
Mastoid process
endocrine system
Botulinum Toxins
Paraspinal Muscles
Anatomic landmarks
Injections, Intramuscular
Mastoid
Neck muscles
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Tendons
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Botulinum toxin
Cadaver
Ultrasound
medicine
Humans
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Cervical dystonia
Torticollis
Ultrasonography, Interventional
Aged
0303 health sciences
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Muscle body
Magnetic resonance imaging
Levator scapulae muscle
Anatomy
medicine.disease
Healthy Volunteers
Tendon
medicine.anatomical_structure
030301 anatomy & morphology
Cervical Vertebrae
Female
Original Article
Surgery
business
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 12798517 and 09301038
- Volume :
- 43
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fe8d8007b9972dd5b8707fedc5b1bb64