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Swallowing-like activity elicited in vitro in neonatal rat organ attached brainstem block preparation
- Source :
- Brain research. 955(1-2)
- Publication Year :
- 2002
-
Abstract
- The purpose of this study was to induce swallowing in an in vitro neonatal rat brainstem preparation and to analyze the circuit. When we applied GABA(A) receptor antagonist (bicuculine methiodide, BIC) into the the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the organ attached brainstem preparation of neonatal (0-3 days after birth) rats, jaw closing movement, palatal lifting, and tongue peristalsis-like movement were seen, subsequent to elevation of the tip of the tongue and anterior movement of the larynx (closure of the trachea). The NTS has been proposed to be a critical locus for swallowing pattern generation in mammals. Electrical stimulation into the NTS or the vagal afferent nerve (X) following an application of BIC (10 microM) to the recording chamber initiated the same organ movement. This movement caused temporary inhibition of respiratory activity that was simultaneously recorded from the fourth cervical ventral nerve (C4). We were also able to elicit this activity in a whole organ (from lip to stomach, midline intact) preparation, whose oral cavity was filled with dye (pontamine sky-blue 3 mM, 50 microl), using each of the three types of stimulation. The esophagus, which was never stained by spontaneous respiratory movements, was stained only after the experimental stimulation. We concluded that the activity elicited was swallowing-like activity and the smallest circuit for swallowing pattern generation exists in this preparation.
- Subjects :
- Larynx
Central nervous system
Stimulation
Biology
In Vitro Techniques
GABA Antagonists
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Swallowing
Tongue
medicine
Animals
GABA-A Receptor Antagonists
Molecular Biology
General Neuroscience
Solitary nucleus
Central pattern generator
Anatomy
Receptors, GABA-A
Electric Stimulation
Deglutition
Rats
medicine.anatomical_structure
Animals, Newborn
Spinal Cord
Neurology (clinical)
Brainstem
Developmental Biology
Brain Stem
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00068993
- Volume :
- 955
- Issue :
- 1-2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fe0928d38dbaddd6f23e589bcf0dec59