Back to Search
Start Over
Molecular Mechanism of Aniline Induced Spleen Toxicity and Neuron Toxicity in Experimental Rat Exposure: A Review
- Source :
- Current Neuropharmacology
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2019.
-
Abstract
- Aniline exposure leads to neuron and spleen toxicity specifically and makes diverse neurological effects and sarcoma that is defined by splenomegaly, hyperplasia, and fibrosis and tumors formation at the end. However, the molecular mechanism(s) of aniline-induced spleen toxicity is not understood well, previous studies have represented that aniline exposure results in iron overload and initiation of oxidative/nitrosative disorder stress and oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA subsequently, in the spleen. Elevated expression of cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and phosphorylation of pRB protein along with increases in A, B and CDK1 as a cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclins, and reduce in CDK inhibitors (p21 and p27) could be critical in cell cycle regulation, which contributes to tumorigenic response after aniline exposure. Aniline-induced splenic toxicity is correlated to oxidative DNA damage and initiation of DNA glycosylases expression (OGG1, NEIL1/2, NTH1, APE1 and PNK) for removal of oxidative DNA lesions in rat. Oxidative stress causes transcriptional up-regulation of fibrogenic/inflammatory factors (cytokines, IL- 1, IL-6 and TNF-α) via induction of nuclear factor-kappa B, AP-1 and redox-sensitive transcription factors, in aniline treated-rats. The upstream signalling events as phosphorylation of IκB kinases (IKKα and IKKβ) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) could potentially be the causes of activation of NF-κB and AP-1. All of these events could initiate a fibrogenic and/or tumorigenic response in the spleen. The spleen toxicity of aniline is studied more and the different mechanisms are suggested. This review summarizes those events following aniline exposure that induce spleen toxicity and neurotoxicity.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
0211 other engineering and technologies
Spleen
02 engineering and technology
medicine.disease_cause
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Cyclin-dependent kinase
neurotoxicity
medicine
oxidative stress
Animals
Pharmacology (medical)
Splenic Diseases
Pharmacology
021110 strategic, defence & security studies
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
Aniline Compounds
biology
Chemistry
Kinase
Neurotoxicity
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Rats
Aniline
Disease Models, Animal
Psychiatry and Mental health
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Gene Expression Regulation
Neurology
Toxicity
Carcinogens
Cancer research
biology.protein
Phosphorylation
Neurotoxicity Syndromes
Neurology (clinical)
spleen toxicity
Oxidative stress
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1570159X
- Volume :
- 17
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current Neuropharmacology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fd979d52b4466525ebcaae9fa8bf5d29