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Cytotoxin antibody-based colourimetric sensor for field-level differential detection of elapid among big four snake venom
- Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e0009841 (2021), PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021.
-
Abstract
- Development of a rapid, on-site detection tool for snakebite is highly sought after, owing to its clinically and forensically relevant medicolegal significance. Polyvalent antivenom therapy in the management of such envenomation cases is finite due to its poor venom neutralization capabilities as well as diagnostic ramifications manifested as untoward immunological reactions. For precise molecular diagnosis of elapid venoms of the big four snakes, we have developed a lateral flow kit using a monoclonal antibody (AB1; IgG1 – κ chain; Kd: 31 nM) generated against recombinant cytotoxin-7 (rCTX-7; 7.7 kDa) protein of the elapid venom. The monoclonal antibody specifically detected the venoms of Naja naja (p < 0.0001) and Bungarus caeruleus (p<br />Author summary Detection of the snake species responsible for the envenomation in a victim is crucial for clinical and forensic management of poisoning cases. Polyvalent antivenom therapy can seldom lead to immunological complications manifested in the form of symptoms ranging from serum sickness to myalgia. Use of monovalent antivenom therapy is being recommended for targeted venom neutralization in envenomed individuals with minimum side effects. Moreover, the development of field applicable venom detection devices is the need of the hour for enabling orderly detection of poisoning cases at the crime scene, besides testing for illegal trade of snake parts, including venom, protected under the Wildlife Act. The monovalent antivenom therapy and the field level detection of venom conducive to adequate crime scene management is limited by the tools available for species or family-specific identification of the venom under question. For differential detection of the Elapids of the big four snakes from the Viperidae, we have developed a monoclonal antibody-based lateral flow assay kit using recombinant Cytotoxin– 7 protein. The limit of quantitation for the detection of venoms of N. naja and B. caeruleus was ascertained to be 170 pg/μL and 2.1 ng/ μL in spiked buffer samples and 28.7 ng/ μL and 110 ng/ μL in spiked serum samples, respectively. Thus, the kit can effectively detect the venoms of elapids of the big four snakes in both simple and complex matrices of the samples and can be adapted for its use in differential diagnosis.
- Subjects :
- Physiology
RC955-962
Antivenom
Venom
Toxicology
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Biochemistry
Bungarus
Medical Conditions
Immune Physiology
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Viperidae
Medicine and Health Sciences
Toxins
Elapidae
Snakebite
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Immunoassay
Immune System Proteins
biology
Cytotoxins
Elapid Venoms
Immunotoxins
Naja naja
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Eukaryota
Snakes
Squamates
Recombinant Proteins
Infectious Diseases
Snake venom
Vertebrates
Colorimetry
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Snake Venoms
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Naja
Toxic Agents
Immunology
Research and Analysis Methods
complex mixtures
Antibodies
biology.animal
Animals
Immunoassays
Molecular Biology Techniques
Envenomation
Molecular Biology
Venoms
Organisms
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Biology and Life Sciences
Reptiles
Proteins
Tropical Diseases
biology.organism_classification
Molecular biology
Monoclonal Antibodies
Amniotes
Immunologic Techniques
Zoology
Cloning
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19352735
- Volume :
- 15
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fd50ff2eea13df497c0732305931335b