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Sudden Stratospheric Warmings
- Source :
- Reviews of Geophysics, 59 (1), E-Prints Complutense: Archivo Institucional de la UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-Prints Complutense. Archivo Institucional de la UCM, Universitad de Lleida, Earth and Space Science Open Archive
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2021.
-
Abstract
- Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are impressive fluid dynamical events in which large and rapid temperature increases in the winter polar stratosphere (⁓10‐50km) are associated with a complete reversal of the climatological wintertime westerly winds. SSWs are caused by the breaking of planetary‐scale waves that propagate upwards from the troposphere. During an SSW, the polar vortex breaks down, accompanied by rapid descent and warming of air in polar latitudes, mirrored by ascent and cooling above the warming. The rapid warming and descent of the polar air column affects tropospheric weather, shifting jet streams, storm tracks, and the Northern Annular Mode, making cold air outbreaks over North America and Eurasia more likely. SSWs affect the atmosphere above the stratosphere, producing widespread effects on atmospheric chemistry, temperatures, winds, neutral (non‐ionized) particles and electron densities, and electric fields. These effects span both hemispheres. Given their crucial role in the whole atmosphere, SSWs are also seen as a key process to analyze in climate change studies and subseasonal to seasonal prediction. This work reviews the current knowledge on the most important aspects of SSWs, from the historical background to dynamical processes, modelling, chemistry, and impact on other atmospheric layers. ISSN:8755-1209 ISSN:0096-1043 ISSN:1944-9208
- Subjects :
- 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Física atmosférica
0207 environmental engineering
Westerlies
02 engineering and technology
Jet stream
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
Troposphere
Atmosphere
Geophysics
Atmosphere of Earth
Arctic oscillation
13. Climate action
Polar vortex
Climatology
middle atmosphere
QBO
stratosphere
upper atmosphere
weather forecasts
020701 environmental engineering
Stratospheric Sudden Warmings
Stratosphere
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19449208 and 87551209
- Volume :
- 59
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Reviews of Geophysics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fd0e39d4fe6d03f41e2c170b0f0b6ea9