Molecular dynamics simulations of ortho-carborane nano-diamond storage within the nonpolar channel cavities of a right-handed coiled-coil tetrabrachion nanotube

Graphical abstract Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on a complex in which clusters of boron in the form of molecules of the nanodiamond ortho-carborane (C2B10H12) have been inserted into the four large nonpolar cavities of a nanotube of the right-handed coiled-coil RHCC. The techniques of multi-configurational thermodynamic integration, steered molecular dynamics and umbrella sampling have been combined to investigate the energetics of storage of ortho-carborane in the cavities and to map out the free energy landscape of the RHCC-tetrabrachion-ortho-carboranecomplex along the central channel and along directions transverse to the central channel. The purpose of the study was to explore potential pathways for the diffusion of ortho-carborane between the cavities and the solvent and to assess the stability of the complex as a possible drug delivery system for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The investigation reveals a complex free energy landscape with a multitude of peaks and valleys, all of which can be related to specific architectural elements of the RHCC-nanotube, and the activation barriers for ortho-carborane capture and release support the requirements for rapid cargo uptake coupled with tight binding to the cavities.
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on a complex in which clusters of boron in the form of molecules of the nanodiamond ortho-carborane (C2B10H12) have been inserted into the four large nonpolar cavities of a nanotube of the right-handed coiled-coil (RHCC)tetrabrachion. The techniques of multi-configurational thermodynamic integration, steered molecular dynamics and umbrella sampling have been combined to investigate the energetics of storage of ortho-carborane in the cavities and to map out the free energy landscape of the RHCC-tetrabrachion-ortho-carboranecomplex along the central channel and along directions transverse to the central channel. The purpose of the study was to explore potential pathways for the diffusion of ortho-carborane between the cavities and the solvent and to assess the stability of the complex as a possible drug delivery system for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The investigation reveals a complex free energy landscape with a multitude of peaks and valleys, all of which can be related to specific architectural elements of the RHCC-nanotube, and the activation barriers for ortho-carborane capture and release support the requirements for rapid cargo uptake coupled with tight binding to the cavities.